The effect of residual organic fertilization is an essencial tool for maintaining the sustainability of soil fertility in the semi-arid region. This study objectives assess the effect of residual organic fertilization on the income of mass drought and absorption of nutrient by sorghum grown in Entisol which for six years has received application of caprine manure or green fertilization with crotalaria and cultivated with potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). In the cultivation of potato annually the treatments consisted of planting and incorporation of the Crotalaria juncea L. at the time of flowering (C); addition of 15 t ha-1 of caprine manure (E); Planting and incorporation of crotalaria + 7,5 t ha-1 manure (CE); and witness without crotalaria or manure (T) with four repetitions. The treatments receiving application of manure provided the largest accumulations of N, P and K by sorghum. The effect of residual organic fertilization favored larger increase in the production of dry sorghum in the crops first and second. The annual organic fertilization of potato increased the levels of P and K in the soil swappable which influenced the growth of sorghum in subsequent cultivation. The manure shows high potential to be used as organic fertilizer in the region. However the planting and the incorporation of biomass of crotalaria without the addition of manure in addition to nitrogen not contributed the nutrient content of soil.

The objectives of this work were identified and characterize the allelopatic activity of extracts obtained from Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh (Asteraceae). The fitotoxic activity of organic extracts (1 e 100 mg.L-1) and aqueous extract (5,00 e 0,05% m/v) on the germination and radicular growth of the monocotyledon Sorghum bicolor L. (sorghum), and the dicotyledon Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber) were evaluated. The results showed the presence of allelopatic activity variable in according to the extract concentration and with the target plant. The intensity of induced inhibitory effect was higher for the ethanolic extract in concentration of 100 mg.L-1 for Sorghum bicolor L. The results also indicates the existence of the potential use of Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh ethanolic extract as a natural herbicide and open perspectives for the research of the constituent(s) with higher allelopatic activity.

The techniques of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are of great importance for the study, conservation and management of natural resources, which facilitate to understand the dynamic processes of the nature. The present study was made in the region of Agreste Paraibano which includes the municipalities of Puxinanã and Pocinhos. The Land use and Land cover mapping was done. The satellite Data of Landsat-TM/5, of May 08 of 2002 were used for this study, was made using of the Software Erdas Imagine 8.3.1, for the Maximum Likelihood classification (Supervised Classification). Under this interpretation the total eight classed were identified: Water/Humid Area (9.9Km2), Caatinga Forest 1 (49.5Km2), Caatinga Forest 2 (26.4Km2), Traditional Agriculture Land (69.3Km2), Pasture Land (52.8Km2), Subsistencial Agriculture Land (59.4Km2), Rocky Out Crops/Urban Area (23.1Km2) and Barren Land (39.6Km2), with covers approximately the area of 330Km2. The Accuracy Assesstment was found 100% for Water/Humid Area, 94.80% for Caatinga Forest 1, 93.21% for Caatinga Forest 2, 74.39% for Traditional Agriculture Land, 79.26% for Pasture , 77.67% for Subsistencial Agriculture , 100% for Rocky Out Crop/Urban Area and 75.01% for the Barren Land respectively. The average accuracy assesstment was found of 81,02%, with demonstrated the best accuracy for our classification. It was also found that the Pasture land class need some adequate management practices for the proper use of natural resources. The principal limitations for the classes of the Traditional Agriculture land , Pasture land and Subsistence Agriculture land were found, are: lack of water, surface rockiness and susceptibility of the erosion. The classes of Savanna 1 (Caatinga Forest 1) and Savanna 2 (Caatinga Forest 2), are recommended essentially for the use of preservation fauna and flora, or if possible may be for the sustainable use of the natural resources.

An experiment was carried out at a greenhouse of Plant Science Department of the Universidad Federal Rural do Semi-Arid (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, in the period of May to June of 2006, with the objective of determing the best treatment with scarlet starglory (Ipomoea glabra) incorporated to with cattle manure on rocket performance cv. Folha Larga. A completely randomized desing with seven treatments and three replications. The treatment consist of: T1 - 113g pot-1 of scarlet starglory in green base plus 21g pot-1 of cattle manure; T2 - 76g pot-1 of scarlet starglory in green base plus 42g pot-1 of cattle manure; T3 - 38g pot-1 of scarlet starglory in green base plus 63g pot-1 of cattle manure; T4 - 151g pot-1 of scarlet starglory in green base; T5 - 84g pot-1 of cattle manure; T6 ¿ Fertilization with NPK at the recommended dose for the crop and T7 - Control (no Fertilized soil). The rocket cultivar grown was Folha Larga. The evaluated traits were: plant height, number of leaves per pot, shoo fresh and dry mass. All the evaluated traits were significantly affected by the amounts of scarlet starglory incorporated. Height mean value for plant height, shoo fresh, dry mass and number of leaves were obtained in the amount of scarlet starglory incorporated of 151 g pot-1.

Were evaluated five soybean genotypes of precocious, average and tardy cycles' in greenhouse UESPI/Parnaíba-PI in the agricultural year 2005/06. The adopted experimental delineation was the entirely randomized with four repetitions. Cultivars evaluated were cultivated in plastic vases with five 5kg of soil. Significant differences among cultivars for the height plant characters in the bloom were not observed and height of insert of the first pod. Regarding the number of days' for the bloom and maturation highlights to cultivate BRS Sambaíba who introduced reduction of cycle. BRS Tracajá introduced larger number of pod for plant not differing significantly of cultivars Sambaíba and Babaçu. For the characteristic weight of a hundred seeds to cultivate Candeia showed better a phenotypic behavior to the too much cultivars not differing statistically just to cultivate Babaçu. All the evaluated genotypes of this leguminous answered to photoperiod terms in Parnaíba-PI's Municipal district.

Using data from basic speeds of infiltration (VBI), obtained in soils of Coastal Tabuleiros the city of Mal. Deodoro, for aluminum and speed of infiltration for projects (VIP), calculated using the techniques Fashion (Mo), Medium Harmonic (MH), Geometric (MG), simple arithmetic (MAS), Quadrática (MQ), Cúbica ( MC) and Biquadrática (MB), in addition to the Median (Md), was carried out studies on water-saving irrigation by sprinkling compared to the volumes obtained on the basis of these techniques and there is the potential for the runoff. It was the conclusion that the economy of water increased in the following order of technical definition of VIP: MB, MC, MQ, BUT, MG, Md, MH, Mo. Thus, the technical definition of the VIP which saves more water for irrigation is the Fashion.

Is a native species of the Brazilian half-barren, pertaining to the family Anacardiaceae Lindl., being of importance socioeconomic for the populations of these regions. With intention to supply subsidies that contribute for optimum knowledge of the species, the present work has for objective the histochemistry characterization of leaflets of Spondias tuberosa Arruda. For this study cuts of the transversal from medium portion of leaflets, submitting them later the diverse reagents and corantings. The analyses had evidenced the starch granule presence, oxalate of calcium crystals, greasy composites, resins, phenolic composites and tannins. Mucilages peptics and reducing sugars had not been found in no tissues to leaflet. One expects that the results of the histochemistry tests serve as elements to qualitative comparison for identification of phytotherapeutics drugs and to the prospection of the principle(s) active(s) of the vegetable.

The present work has as objective to determine and compare the variation of basic density of peroba's wood throughout the Aspidosperma polineuron, that specie belongs to Apocynaceae's family, known popularly as Peroba. The sample was carried in three selected trees at random form in dense Ombrófila¿s forest in Apiuna and President Nereus Ramos/SC. The trees were knocked and they had their changeable dendrometrics measured. The basic density was determined in samples of 1,5 x 1,5 x 5 cm, removed of the internal part of the record (cerne) and the external part (alburnum), having been these collected the height of chest (DAP), 0%, 10%, 50%, 75% and 95% of morphologic inversion's point. Above this, two samples with branches called G1 and G2 were colleted. The basic density was gotten through the relation between the dry weight and the green volume of samples, revealing increasing of the base for the top of the tree. In the accomplishment of variance's performance (ANOVA) was not able to be verified significant differences between the averages of densities throughout the log and the branches. The average basic density was 0, 66 gcm3. The uniformity found for basic density throughout the stem is a characteristic that confers the specie stability and security for its use in structural projects, however it´s necessary deeper studies to better scientific fundaments of its physical and technological properties.

La variabilidad en guayaba en las colecciones de germoplasma en Brasil es todavía bastante restricta, existiendo muchas "landraces" a ser recolectadas y caracterizadas. La necesidad de diversificar y aumentar la disponibilidad de genotipos productivos y de buena calidad, hizo con que el Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA) introdujera en la "Chapada do Araripe", en la región semiárida del Estado de Pernambuco, una colección de germoplasma de guayabo conducida bajo régimen de sequío. La colección es constituida de 21 accesos (IPA B-22.1, IPA B-15.1, IPA B-14.3, IPA B-14.2, Patillo 1.1, Patillo 1.2, Patillo 1.3, Patillo 2.1, Patillo 2.3, Red Selection of Florida 1, Ruby Supreme.2, Ruby Supreme.3, Surubim.3, EEF.3, IPA B-38.3, IPA B-38.1, White Selection of Florida.1, White Selection of Florida.2, Pentecostes.3, Grande Vermelha.2 e Red Selection of Florida.2) originarios de varias partes de Brasil. Fueron observados descriptores de caracterización y evaluación. Debido a su rusticidad, el guayabo se adaptó a la "Chapada do Araripe" y la colección presentó una gran variabilidad entre las características evaluadas. Considerando la doble utilización de ese germoplasma, se constató que los accesos de pulpa roja para la agrindustria Patillo2.3, Ruby Supreme.3, e IPA B-15.1 se han destacado por sus buenas producciones y Red Selection of Florida.1, por aliar buena producción a frutos grandes y de pulpa espesa. Entre los accesos destinados exclusivamente al consumo in natura, se debe destacar la 'Grande Vermelha.2' por las mismas razones.

An experiment was carried out in the vegetable garden of Plant Science Department at the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, during the period of June to August 2005, to evaluate the influence of different spacings on rocket economics performance. The experimental design used was randomized complete blocks in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme with four replications. The treatments consisted of the combination of three between row spacings (0,20; 0,25 and 0,30 m) with four within row spacings (0,05; 0,06; 0,07 and 0,10 m). The rocket cultivar grown was 'Cultivada'. Indicators of economic performance were evaluated through gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin. The highest economics efficiencies were obtained in the following spacings: 0,20 m x 0,05 m; 0,25 m x 0,05 m and 0,30 m x 0,05 m.