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Sustainability in the water–energy–food nexus Full text
2015
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8266-0488 ringler claudia | bhaduri anik | dombrowski ines | mohtar rabi | ringler claudia | scheumann waltina
CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) | Bhaduri Anik et al., 'Sustainability in the water–energy–food nexus', Water International 40, IFPRI, 2015
Show more [+] Less [-]Methods of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus Full text
2015
Aiko Endo | Kimberly Burnett | Pedcris M. Orencio | Terukazu Kumazawa | Christopher A. Wada | Akira Ishii | Izumi Tsurita | Makoto Taniguchi
This paper focuses on a collection of methods that can be used to analyze the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus. We classify these methods as qualitative or quantitative for interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research approaches. The methods for interdisciplinary research approaches can be used to unify a collection of related variables, visualize the research problem, evaluate the issue, and simulate the system of interest. Qualitative methods are generally used to describe the nexus in the region of interest, and include primary research methods such as Questionnaire Surveys, as well as secondary research methods such as Ontology Engineering and Integrated Maps. Quantitative methods for examining the nexus include Physical Models, Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA), Integrated Indices, and Optimization Management Models. The authors discuss each of these methods in the following sections, along with accompanying case studies from research sites in Japan and the Philippines. Although the case studies are specific to two regions, these methods could be applicable to other areas, with appropriate calibration.
Show more [+] Less [-]Integrated food and water research for development Full text
2014
kim geheb | annette huber-lee | larry w. harrington | sophie nguyen khoa | alain vidal | pamela george | boru douthwaite | jonathan n. woolley
Jonathan N. Woolley et al., 'Integrated food and water research for development', 2014
Show more [+] Less [-]Water for food security for the poor Full text
2014
regassa e. namara | intizar hussain | madar samad
Intizar Hussain, Regassa E. Namara, Madar Samad, 'Water for food security for the poor', 2014
Show more [+] Less [-]Food, water and oil: The hidden link Full text
2014
colin j. chartres
Colin J. Chartres, 'Food, water and oil: The hidden link', 2014
Show more [+] Less [-]Managing water and agroecosystems for food security
2013
Boelee, Eline
Managing water and agroecosystems for food security Full text
2013
Boelee, Eline
Managing water and agroecosystems for food security Full text
2013
This book is the 10th volume in the Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series. The book is structured to systematically show the relationships between ecosystems, water and food security, and to elaborate an ecosystem approach to sustainable agriculture. It contains chapters on the drivers of food security (Chapter 2) and provides analyses on ecosystems, agroecosystems, ecosystem services and their valuation (Chapters 3 and 4). Next, there is an analysis of the role of water in agriculture as well as analyses of water use and scarcity (Chapter 5). This is followed by discussions of the specific challenges in drylands (Chapter 6) and wetlands (Chapter 7); each of these chapters provides more insight into the reasons why an integrated ecosystem approach is required and what this should entail, giving practical recommendations for those vulnerable ecosystems. A discussion of the contributions that can be made by increased water productivity to a better joint management of agroecosystems and water follows in the next chapter (Chapter 8). Subsequently, Chapter 9 presents various approaches to the enhancement of ecosystem services in agriculture, with many concrete examples, while Chapter 10 provides more detail of the ecosystem approach to water management. Finally, the last chapter (Chapter 11) ends the book with a synthesis that embeds the key recommendations into a landscape approach, links this to ongoing initiatives and identifies knowledge gaps for further research.
Show more [+] Less [-]Water and food security under global change
2012
Ringler, Claudia; Bryan, Elizabeth; Biswas, Asit; Cline, Sarah A.
PR | Book chapter | EPTD | IFPRI-4
Show more [+] Less [-]Nutritional Water Productivity and Global Food Security
2011
Water is life and is one of the major inputs for agriculture. Earth has a finite supply of fresh water and therefore, demands that every drop of annual rainfall should be conserved and judiciously utilized for production and postproduction agriculture to get maximum nutrients per unit of water. The concept of water productivity in agriculture is now shifting from harvest index per unit of land and water to nutrients (protein, carbohydrate, fat, etc.) produced per unit of water. This varies with food commodities and locations. For example, the total dietary energy produced by potato, maize, peanut, wheat, milk, egg and beef using one m³ of water are about 5600 kcal, 3800 kcal, 2300 kcal, 2280 kcal, 660 kcal, 520 kcal and 100 kcal, respectively. Similarly, the production of protein using one m³ of water by potato, peanut, maize, wheat, egg, milk, chicken, and beef are 150 g, 111 g, 77 g, 74 g, 41 g, 40 g, 33 g and 10 g, respectively. This paper describes the water nutrient productivity of some of the crops and livestock products and suggests as to how to provide food and nutritional security through an appropriate and balanced diet design, to the maximum number of people of the world from the limited and dwindling land, water and bio resources.
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