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Bactericidal Effects of Food-borne Bacteria using Chlorine Dioxide and Electrolyzed Water Full text
2022
Lee, H.R. | Kim, S.J. | Bang, W.S.
The present study investigated the bactericidal effects of chlorine dioxide (CD) and electrolyzed water (EW) on pathogenic bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Escherichia coli O157:H7, by treatment them with CD and EW, respectively, for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 min. Additionally, the sensitivities of Gram-positive (B. cereus and S. aureus) and Gram-negative (S. Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7) to CD and EW were compared, respectively. In CD, the D-values for B. cereus, S. aureus, S. Typhimurium, and E. coli O157:H7 were 1.85±0.64, 2.06±0.85, 2.26±0.89, and 2.59±0.40 min, respectively. In EW, the D-values for B. cereus, S. aureus, S. Typhimurium, and E. coli O157:H7 were 2.13±0.32, 1.64±0.64, 1.71±0.32, and 1.86±0.36 min, respectively. All strains decreased consistently for 10 min in both CD and EW. However, the D-values of each bacterial species did not differ significantly between CD and EW (P>0.05). When comparing the bactericidal effect of CD and EW, no difference in D-value was observed, even though the pH and available chlorine concentration of CD were significantly lower than those of EW. These data could be used for the application of CD and EW in the food industry, considering characteristics such as the selection of optimal disinfectants, determination of optimal concentrations, and sensitivity to disinfection targets.
Show more [+] Less [-]Water-energy-food nexus tools in theory and practice: a systematic review
2022
Taguta, C. | Senzanje, A. | Kiala, Z. | Malota, M. | Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe
Water - energy - food nexus narratives and resource securities: a global south perspective
2022
Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe | Senzanje, A. | Modi, A. | Jewitt, G. | Massawe, F.
Sustainable groundwater management in India needs a water-energy-food nexus approach Full text
2022
Mukherji, Aditi
Sustainable groundwater management in India needs a water-energy-food nexus approach Full text
2022
Mukherji, Aditi
Groundwater depletion in India is a result of water, energy, and food policies that have given rise to a nexus where growth in agriculture has been supported by unsustainable trends in water and energy use. This nexus emanates from India’s policy of providing affordable calories to its large population. This requires that input prices are kept low, leading to perverse incentives that encourage groundwater overexploitation. The paper argues that solutions to India’s groundwater problems need to be embedded within the current context of its water-energy-food nexus. Examples are provided of changes underway in some water-energy-food policies that may halt further groundwater depletion.
Show more [+] Less [-]Sustainable Groundwater Management in India Needs a Water‐Energy‐Food Nexus Approach Full text
2022
Mukherji, Aditi
Groundwater depletion in India is a result of water, energy, and food policies that have given rise to a nexus where growth in agriculture has been supported by unsustainable trends in water and energy use. This nexus emanates from India's policy of providing affordable calories to its large population. This requires that input prices are kept low, leading to perverse incentives that encourage groundwater overexploitation. The paper argues that solutions to India's groundwater problems need to be embedded within the current context of its water‐energy‐food nexus. Examples are provided of changes underway in some water‐energy‐food policies that may halt further groundwater depletion.
Show more [+] Less [-]Water diversion and pollution interactively shape freshwater food webs through bottom‐up mechanisms Full text
2022
de Guzman, Ioar | Altieri, Paula | Elosegi, Arturo | Pérez‐Calpe, Ana Victoria | von Schiller, Daniel | González, José M. | Brauns, Mario | Montoya, José M. | Larrañaga, Aitor
Water diversion and pollution are two pervasive stressors in river ecosystems that often co‐occur. Individual effects of both stressors on basal resources available to stream communities have been described, with diversion reducing detritus standing stocks and pollution increasing biomass of primary producers. However, interactive effects of both stressors on the structure and trophic basis of food webs remain unknown. We hypothesized that the interaction between both stressors increases the contribution of the green pathway in stream food webs. Given the key role of the high‐quality, but less abundant, primary producers, we also hypothesized an increase in food web complexity with larger trophic diversity in the presence of water diversion and pollution. To test these hypotheses, we selected four rivers in a range of pollution subject to similar water diversion schemes, and we compared food webs upstream and downstream of the diversion. We characterized food webs by means of stable isotope analysis. Both stressors directly changed the availability of basal resources, with water diversion affecting the brown food web by decreasing detritus stocks, and pollution enhancing the green food web by promoting biofilm production. The propagation of the effects at the base of the food web to higher trophic levels differed between stressors. Water diversion had little effect on the structure of food webs, but pollution increased food chain length and trophic diversity, and reduced trophic redundancy. The effects at higher trophic levels were exacerbated when combining both stressors, as the relative contribution of biofilm to the stock of basal resources increased even further. Overall, we conclude that moderate pollution increases food web complexity and that the interaction with water abstraction seems to amplify this effect. Our study shows the importance of assessing the interaction between stressors to create predictive tools for a proper management of ecosystems.
Show more [+] Less [-]Sustainability of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus in Caribbean Small Island Developing States Full text
2022
Zachary S. Winters | Thomas L. Crisman | David T. Dumke
Sustainability of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus in Caribbean Small Island Developing States Full text
2022
Zachary S. Winters | Thomas L. Crisman | David T. Dumke
The sustainability of small island developing states (SIDS) of the Caribbean is fragile because of island size and topography, limited resources, population growth, natural disasters, and climate change. Current and projected sustainability in 2050 were assessed within the framework of the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus for 10 of 16 SIDS with the best databases. Values for each WEF sector below either Falkenmark indicators or regional averages were considered unsustainable (failing) for that sector. Overall, SIDS were considered unsustainable if they failed at least two of three sectors. Projected water sustainability for 2050 was based on population growth and climate change effects on precipitation and per capita water availability. All SIDS failed the food sector, and four failed the energy sector. Water was considered the ultimate control for long-term sustainability. Five SIDS currently fail the water sector, but all but the largest two SIDS are likely to fail this sector by 2050. The role of poor governance and associated lack of long-term planning for population growth, disasters, and climate change, adaptative management strategies, infrastructure investment with an emphasis on nature-based solutions, decentralized energy grids emphasizing renewable energy, and local food production are clearly impediments for reaching sustainability goals for Caribbean SIDS.
Show more [+] Less [-]Sustainability of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus in Caribbean Small Island Developing States Full text
2022
Winters, Zachary S. | Crisman, Thomas L. | Dumke, David T.
The sustainability of small island developing states (SIDS) of the Caribbean is fragile because of island size and topography, limited resources, population growth, natural disasters, and climate change. Current and projected sustainability in 2050 were assessed within the framework of the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus for 10 of 16 SIDS with the best databases. Values for each WEF sector below either Falkenmark indicators or regional averages were considered unsustainable (failing) for that sector. Overall, SIDS were considered unsustainable if they failed at least two of three sectors. Projected water sustainability for 2050 was based on population growth and climate change effects on precipitation and per capita water availability. All SIDS failed the food sector, and four failed the energy sector. Water was considered the ultimate control for long-term sustainability. Five SIDS currently fail the water sector, but all but the largest two SIDS are likely to fail this sector by 2050. The role of poor governance and associated lack of long-term planning for population growth, disasters, and climate change, adaptative management strategies, infrastructure investment with an emphasis on nature-based solutions, decentralized energy grids emphasizing renewable energy, and local food production are clearly impediments for reaching sustainability goals for Caribbean SIDS.
Show more [+] Less [-]Sustainability of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus in Caribbean Small Island Developing States Full text
2022
Zachary S. Winters | Thomas L. Crisman | David T. Dumke
The sustainability of small island developing states (SIDS) of the Caribbean is fragile because of island size and topography, limited resources, population growth, natural disasters, and climate change. Current and projected sustainability in 2050 were assessed within the framework of the water&ndash:energy&ndash:food (WEF) nexus for 10 of 16 SIDS with the best databases. Values for each WEF sector below either Falkenmark indicators or regional averages were considered unsustainable (failing) for that sector. Overall, SIDS were considered unsustainable if they failed at least two of three sectors. Projected water sustainability for 2050 was based on population growth and climate change effects on precipitation and per capita water availability. All SIDS failed the food sector, and four failed the energy sector. Water was considered the ultimate control for long-term sustainability. Five SIDS currently fail the water sector, but all but the largest two SIDS are likely to fail this sector by 2050. The role of poor governance and associated lack of long-term planning for population growth, disasters, and climate change, adaptative management strategies, infrastructure investment with an emphasis on nature-based solutions, decentralized energy grids emphasizing renewable energy, and local food production are clearly impediments for reaching sustainability goals for Caribbean SIDS.
Show more [+] Less [-]WP 4: Integrated food, land, water and energy systems for climate resilient landscapes Full text
2022
Baum, Michael | Lahham, Nisreen | Brouziyne, Youssef | Anarbekov, Oyture | Nangia, Vinay | Abay , Kibrom | Nasr-Allah, Ahmed | Lal Jat, Mangi
From Fragility to Resilience in Central and West Asia and North Africa (F2R CWANA) WP 4: Integrated food, land, water, and energy systems for climate-resilient landscapes Inception Workshop Morocco May 17, 2022.
Show more [+] Less [-]On the role of water resources management to transform water, energy, food and ecosystem (WEFE) systems in transboundary river basins Full text
2022
Uhlenbrook, Stefan; Ringler, Claudia; Lautze, Jonathan; McCartney, Matthew; Hafeez, Mohsin | http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8266-0488 Ringler, Claudia | NEXUS Gains
The program NEXUS Gains addresses key challenges of transforming water, energy, food and ecosystem (WEFE) systems in transboundary bread-basket basins in East and Southern Africa (Blue Nile and Limpopo basins), Central (Aral Sea basin) and South Asia (Ganges and Indus basin) in a changing world. The program particularly explores water resource management options to understand WEFE system interdependencies, trade-offs and synergies and develop more sustainable development pathways for all members society. The presentation will discuss alternative interventions to increase water productivity different sectors (irrigation, forestry, industries) across scales ranging from farm to watershed to river basin scales. Therefore, particular attention will be given to integrated water storage management in human built and natural infrastructure in South Asia and East Africa. The implications for hydrological process and water resources dynamics and wider environmental, social and economic systems are analyzed and related policy implications are discussed considering also climate change. | Non-PR | IFPRI5; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply | EPTD
Show more [+] Less [-]Ensuring consideration of water quality in nexus approaches in the science–practice continuum: reply to discussion of “Water quality: the missing dimension of water in the water–energy–food nexus?” Full text
2022
Heal, K. V. | Bartosova, A. | Hipsey, M. R. | Chen, X. | Buytaert, W. | Li, H. Y. | McGrane, S. J. | Gupta, A. B. | Cudennec, C.
Ensuring consideration of water quality in nexus approaches in the science–practice continuum: reply to discussion of “Water quality: the missing dimension of water in the water–energy–food nexus?” Full text
2022
Heal, K. V. | Bartosova, A. | Hipsey, M. R. | Chen, X. | Buytaert, W. | Li, H. Y. | McGrane, S. J. | Gupta, A. B. | Cudennec, C.
We thank Arnbjerg-Nielsen and co-authors for their constructive contribution. We endorse their key comments and suggestions on how to increase awareness of and action on water quality interactions in the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus. Here, we advance the discussion, commenting on the scope of water quality to embrace ecosystem as well as human needs, and the importance of transdisciplinarity and focusing at the city/aquifer/drainage basin scale in WEF nexus hotspots in ensuring that water quality is considered in WEF nexus approaches. We also identify how recent global events, the COVID-19 pandemic and the 26th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC COP 26), may intensify the WEF nexus and its water quality interlinkages, highlighting the need to weave WEF considerations into addressing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the climate and biodiversity emergencies.
Show more [+] Less [-]Ensuring consideration of water quality in nexus approaches in the science–practice continuum: reply to discussion of “Water quality: the missing dimension of water in the water–energy–food nexus?” Full text
2022
Heal, K. | Bartosova, A. | Hipsey, M. | Chen, X. | Buytaert, W. | Li, H.-Y. | Mcgrane, S. | Gupta, A. | Cudennec, Christophe | The University of Edinburgh | Rossby Centre, SMHI, Norrköping, 601 76, Sweden ; Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) | UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (UWA) | Center for Water Resources and Environment, Sun Yat-sen University ; Sun Yat-sen University [Guangzhou] (SYSU) | Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Imperial College London] ; Imperial College London | Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA | University of Strathclyde [Glasgow] | Department of Civil Engineering, MNIT, Jaipur, India | Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]Plasma-activated water: A cutting-edge technology driving innovation in the food industry Full text
2022
Oliveira, Márcia | Fernández-Gómez, Paula | Alvarez-Ordõnez, Avelino | Prieto, Miguel | López, Mercedes
Innovation regarding food production and processing is required to meet the emerging challenges of ensuring worldwide food security and meeting consumer demands for high-quality, safe and nutritious food products. This review provides insights into the current state-of-the-art of the emerging applications of Plasma Activated Water (PAW) in the food industry. PAW antimicrobial properties, inactivation mechanisms and the critical factors determining the lethal effect, as well as the bases for other technological applications are discussed. Overall, this review article describes the degree of success achieved by PAW technology in different applications and illustrates its feasibility and applicability in the food-processing industry.
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