为促进中国边际土地草本能源植物种植与生物质原料生产,基于京郊边际土地草本能源植物规模化种植的实践,从生产潜力、生物质品质、生物质利用潜力、生态效应等4个方面对荻的应用潜力进行了分析评价。结果表明：荻在京郊挖沙废弃地上的生产潜力为2.31t/hm2,达到京郊耕地条件下的8.41%,生物质品质优良,其标准煤折算当量、沼气产量、纤维素乙醇产量分别为1.42t/hm2、289.99m3/hm2、0.59t/hm2,分别达到京郊耕地条件下的8.38%、8.37%、8.15%,生态效应明显。荻在边际土地上具备良好的应用潜力。 | For the promotion of cultivation of herbaceous bioenergy plant and production of biomass feedstock on marginal land in China, the evaluation of application potential oi silver reed was conducted, including the analysis of production potential, biomass quality, biomass utilization potential and ecological effects, based on the practical activies of the large-scale cultivation of herbaceous bioenergy plant on marginal land in Beijing suburb. The results showed that the production potential of silver reed was 2.31 t ・ hm 2 on abandoned sandpits in Beijing suburb, accounting for 8.41% of that on arable land in Beijing suburb. With good biomass quality and ecological effect, its standard coal equivalent,biogas and cellulosic ethanol yield were 1.42 t ・hm-2 ,289.99 m3 ・ hm-2 ,0.59 t ・hm-2, respectively, accounting for 8.38% ,8.37% ,8. 15% of that on arable land in Beijing suburb. Silver reed has a great application potential on marginal land in the future.

吉林省是我国重要的绿色农产品产地，绿色农产品产业发展到了一定的规模。为了进一步提高绿色农产品产业的竞争能力，吉林省应建立以维护品牌公信力为持续发展核心绿色的农产品营销战略体系。为此，应建立由绿色农产品质量标准体系、质量认证体系、质量监管体系等组成的绿色农产品营销战略组织体系；完善绿色农产品市场体系和生产体系；采取优品优质的产品策略，采用“地理标识＋产品标识”相结合的品牌策略和差异化定价策略，构建多渠道并进的网络化渠道，利用传统和现代媒介并进的广告宣传策略，将吉林省绿色农产品推向全国高端市场和国际市场。 | Jilin province is China’s leading producer of green agricultural products. Its green agricultural product industry has been developed to a certain scale. To improve competing capability, it is necessary for Jilin province to set up marketing strategies of green agricultural products. Thus, Jilin province should build specification system, quality certification system, quality supervision and management system. In addition, it’s better for Jilin province to adopt superior quality production strategy, geographical indication strategy and differential pricing strategy, and to construct multi-channel network channels, and make use of the advertising strategy through traditional and modern media.

为了解中国农产品能否满足国民的需要，采用农业供养能力，即从能量角度，按一定标准，计算农业产出能够养活的人口数。结果表明，按人均每日获得10．88kJ能量的标准，上世纪80年代以来，中国农业的综合产出已能满足国民的需要；1994年后，农产品也逐渐能满足人均每日摄入脂肪70g的要求；1998年起，植物与动物性产品的供给均有富余，但粮食提供的能量达不到占所需能量80％的要求，须依赖其他植物和动物性产品弥补；1998年以后，动物性食物提供的蛋白质超过30％，植物性蛋白中，蔬菜与水果的比重增加。要提高中国农业供养能力，须减少损耗以增加粮食有效供给；提高劳动生产力并控制人口过快增长以增加人均占有农产品量；增加粮食产量以保障对粮食的需求；改善农产品构成以优化国民营养结构。 | In order to understand whether the farm produce can meet the need of people in China, the supportable capability,which is defined that energy supplied by various agriculture outputs can support population based on some standards,was used. The results indicated that since 1980＇s of the 20. h century, the integrated outputs of Chinese agriculture had met the need of people for energy,especially the energy supplied by vegetal and animal produce had been affluence since 1998, based on the standard that a person can obtain energy of 10.88 kJ per day. However, because the energy supplied by grain was less than 80 percent of total energy, to fill the gap between the need and the energy supplied by grain should depend on the energy supplied by other vegetal and animal produce. Since 1994, fat supplied by farm produce has met the need of a person for ingestion of 70 gram fat per day,since 1998, protein supplied by animal produce has exceeded 30 percent and protein supplied by vegetables and fruits in vegetal produce has been increased. To increase the supportable capability of Chinese agriculture, some measures should be introduced：wastage of grain should be reduced to increase available supply of grain; productivity of agriculture should be improved and the rate of population increase should be controlled to increase quantity of farm produce occupied by per person ; grain yield should be increased to ensure the need for grain; and structure of farm produce should be improved to optimize the nutrition structure of people＇s diet.

从水稻耕整地机械、种植机械和收获机械等方面介绍了我国南方双季稻区水稻生产机械化发展现状；从地形条件、农机农艺结合状况、机械动力消耗和产品性能等方面分析了南方双季稻区水稻生产机械化的限制因素，指出了存在的问题，并提出了相关对策。 | Combined with the features of southern double cropping rice area, the paper summarizes the current situation of the development of the mechanization of rice production in the double cropping rice area in South China from the aspects of tillage machinery, planting machinery and harvesting machinery. And at the same time the limiting factors in the development including the topographic condition, the imperfect combination of agricultural machinery and agronomic technology, the power consumption, and product performance, etc are analyzed. And some corresponding solution measures are put forward.

为优化双滚筒气力循环式花生脱壳机脱壳装置的有关参数,降低花生籽仁在脱壳过程中的损伤,提高脱壳质量和生产率,以籽仁破损率、脱净率和生产率为主要评价指标,以滚筒转速、喂入量和脱壳间隙为试验因素,采用L16（45）正交试验和综合评分法对双滚筒气力循环式花生脱壳机进行了性能试验。结果表明：对于‘花育23’花生品种,当一级脱壳滚筒和二级脱壳滚筒转速分别为300和375 r.min-1,喂入量为25 kg.min-1,脱壳间隙为20 mm时,脱壳机综合性能最优,其破损率为1.84%,脱净率为95.87%,生产率为885.25 kg.h-1。研究成果对进一步研究花生的脱壳原理、优化脱壳系统结构、提高花生脱壳工艺和产品质量具有重要的意义。 | In order to optimize parameters of the shelling device of double-roller pneumatic circulating peanut sheller, reduce the me- chanical damage of peanut seeds, improve shelling quality and productivity in the course of shelling, an experiment of L16 （45） orthogonal with comprehensive scoring method was carried out with the rotating speed of roller, feeding quantity and shelling clearance as influence factors and the broken rate of kernel, shelling net rate and productivity as major evaluation index. The results showed that the comprehensive performance of double-roller pneumatic circulating peanut sheller reached optimal, with the broken rate of kernel being 1. 84% ,shelling net rate being 95.87% and the productivity being 885.25 kg.h-1 ,when the experiment was carried on the variety of peanut＇ Huayu 23＇ , and 300 r.min-1 for the speed of first shelling roller and 375 r- min-1 for the second shelling roller,25 kg. min-1 for the feed quantity, and 20 mm for the shelling clearance. This research has important meanings for future research on the mechanism of peanut sheller and the structure optimization of shelling system, and it also is useful for improving the shelling technology and the quality of peanut products.

为了筛选高频体细胞胚胎再生能力的棉花品种（系），提高农杆菌介导转化效率，本研究以新疆陆地棉03298品系经组织培养产生的三个不同世代的再生系03298R1、03298R2和03298R3为材料，分别进行农杆菌介导的遗传转化。在相同的培养体系下，03298再生系下胚轴和子叶外植体的分化率由5％（一代再生系03298R1）提高到10％-15％（二代再生系03298R2）再到23％～33％（三代再生系03298R3），表明连续组织培养定向筛选提高了03298再生系体细胞胚胎再生能力。PCR和southern杂交检测显示抗卡那霉素的再生植株成功整合了NPTII基因。本研究经组织培养筛选获得了高频体细胞再生能力的03298再生系，并建立了相应的高效遗传转化体系，为新疆陆地棉遗传改良提供了新受体材料及其配套的遗传转化体系。 | In an effort to improve the frequency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in upland cotton, three different generations of regenerated lines (03298R1, 03298R2 and 03298R3) generated through somatic embryogenesis from upland cotton cultivar 03298 were subjected to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with hypocotyl and cotyledonary explants, respectively. The differentiation rate in term of the ratio of independent kanamycin-resistant events to total explants increased from 5% in the first generation of regenerated line 03298R1 to 10% - 15% in the second generation of regenerated line 03298R2 and to 23% - 33% in the third generation of regenerated line 03298R3, suggesting that the frequency of somatic embryogenesis of 03298 regenerated lines was improved under the selection of tissue culture through somatic embryogenesis. PCR and southern blot further confirmed the integration of NPTII gene into the cotton genome of the kanamycin-resistant plants. The regenerated line 03298R3 with high frequency of somatic embryogenesis as well as its corresponding protocol of Agrobacterium mediated transformation presented herein would be conductive to the genetic improvement of upland cotton in Xinjiang.

选择产细菌素双歧杆菌L-SN菌株与保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌混合发酵剂配伍共同发酵生产酸奶,通过测定4℃贮藏条件下酸奶的pH、可滴定酸度、活菌数、持水力和黏度等指标的变化探讨产细菌素双歧杆菌对酸奶后酸化效果及品质的影响。结果显示：双歧杆菌L-SN的加入能有效抑制酸奶的后酸化,以添加水平为（2~5）×106 cfu/mL为最佳,可在20 d贮藏期内维持酸度为100~110 °T、pH 4.1~4.2、活菌数≥106 cfu/mL,并能显著提高酸奶的持水力和黏度,赋予酸奶良好的色泽、口感和组织状态。 | The study was carried out to restrain postacidifacation of set yoghurt using Bifidobacterium L-SN with mixed leaven together for fermentation.By measuring the changes of pH value,titratable acidity,the number of viable cells,water hold capacity,viscosity and sensory evaluation in 20 days under the storage condition of 4℃,we find adding L-SN can efficiently restrain posfacidification of set yoghurt and improve the quality.The results indicate that the best supplemental level is （2-5）×106 cfu/mL.In 20 days,the pH value is 4.1-4.2;the titratable acidity is 100-110 °T and the number of viable cells are more than 106 cfu/mL.In addition,it can significantly improve the water holding capacity and viscosity and to give good color,texture and organization state of the set yoghurt.

从藏灵菇发酵乳中分离益生乳杆菌，研究其生理生化特性，为功能性乳制品的开发提供优良菌种。先用乳酸菌分离培养基MRS从藏灵菇发酵牛乳中分离得到乳酸菌,再分离纯化出乳杆菌，并对分离的乳杆菌进行生理、生化鉴定，研究其生长特性。结果表明，用MRS培养基从藏灵菇发酵牛乳中共分离出乳杆菌菌株6株，通过生理生化试验确定这6抹分别为：2株发酵乳杆菌、2株嗜酸乳杆菌和2株短乳杆菌。将分离出的菌发酵鲜牛乳，在品尝过程中发现口感较酸，推断其有很强的产酸能力。 | To provide excellent strains for the development of functional dairy milk products, probiotic I. actobacilli strains were isolated and identified from Tibetan kefir fermented milk, and the physiological and biochemical characteristics were studied. In this research, first step was to separate lactic acid bacteria from Tibetan Kefir fermented milk with MRS medium, then to purify Lactobacilli strains, and finally to identify their physiological and biochemical characteristics, as well as the growth characteristics of obtained strains. The results showed that six strains of lactobacillus were separated from Tibetan kefir fermented milk by MRS medium, which were determined by physiological and bio-chemical experiments as two lactobacillus brevi strains, two lactobacillus fermentum strains and two lactobacillus acidophilus strains. Those strains were used to ferment fresh milk, and high acid productive ability was observed.

自然灾害严重影响着农民的生产和生活，农业保险已经演变为一种增强农户抵御灾害能力的有效措施，并且成为增强一个国家农产品国际竞争力的重要手段。文中介绍了吉林省农业保险的现状；在实地调查的基础上，分析了影响农户参保意愿的主要因素；运用Logistics模型对调研所获得的数据进行定量分析，进一步分析了各因素对农户参保意愿的影响方向。结果表明：农户受教育年限、农业收入占总收入比重、政府补贴以及认知度对农户参保意愿有正向影响。文中最后提出了发展吉林省农业保险的一些政策建议。 | Natural disasters seriously influenced human life and production. Agricultural insurance is not only an effective measure against natural disasters in various countries or governments, but also one of the important tools to enhance international competitiveness of agricultural products. The paper analyzes the state of agricultural insurance in Jilin province. Based on field investigation, the paper describes the factors that influence farmers’ willingness to buy insurance. Using Logistic model, the paper quantitatively analyzes how those factors influence farmers’ willingness. The results show that education degree, ratio of agricultural income, government subsidy and cognition degree have active effects on purchase will. At last, the author brings out some suggestions on how to develop agricultural insurance in Jilin province.

随着经济的迅猛发展和人们对电动车的需求，铅蓄电池生产企业越来越多。铅蓄电池的生产可能造成周围土壤的重金属污染。土壤受重金属污染后，不仅会退化土壤肥力，使农作物产量下降，而且可能通过食物链的传递危害人类健康。因此，土壤重金属污染问题受到越来越多的重视。泰安市世华电缆电池有限公司以生产铅酸蓄电池及零部件为主，为了解世华电缆电池有限公司周围土壤重金属污染情况，以该公司周围一定距离土壤样品为研究对象，在野外采样和实验室分析的基础上，评价企业周围土壤受Cu、Zn、Pb三种重金属的污染程度。结果表明，该公司周围环境中部分土壤样品中Cu、Zn、Pb含量与土壤环境背景值相比有显著提高（P0.05），但周边土壤中三种主要重金属的污染均未超过国家土壤环境质量二级标准，污染等级为清洁，公司对周围土壤重金属污染影响较小。 | With the rapid development of economy and the peoples demand of the electric car, Lead-acid battery manufacturer will be more and more. Lead battery production may cause the soil heavy metal pollution. Soil by heavy metal pollution, will not only cause the degradation of soil fertility, make the crop yields down, but also do harm to human health through the food chain transfer. Therefore, soil heavy metal pollution has been paid more and more attention. Tai’an shihua cable battery limited company mainly produce lead-acid batteries and spare parts. In order to understand of heavy metal pollution around Taian shihua cable battery limited company, the soil samples were collected around the company at uariable distances, on the base of field sampling and laboratory room analysis, evaluation of the soil Cu, Zn, Pb pollution was made. The results show that some soil sampies of the company Cu, Zn, Pb concentrations exceed background values of soil environment of Shandong Province, but the three main heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb contamination around the soil did not exceed the national environmental quality standards, pollution levels for clean, the company have little influence on the surrounding soil heavy metal pollution.