分析测定了26个鲜食葡萄品种的单果重、果形尺寸、糖酸比、出汁率和蛋白质、维生素C、可溶性固形物（TSS）、可滴定酸（TA）含量及风味等加工品质指标，并对其进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明，鲜食葡萄多个品质指标间存在相对独立性和密切相关性；经主成分分析，5个主成分的累计贡献率达89.02%，可反映鲜食葡萄品质的绝大部分信息；聚类分析结果表明，9个主要品质指标被聚为5类，最终将品质指标简化为出汁率和可滴定酸、维生素C、可溶性固形物含量及风味5个指标。 | The processing quality indexes of 26 table grape varieties were analyzed and determined, such as single fruit weight, fruit shape and size, sugar-to-acid ratio, juice yield and contents of protein, vitamin C (Vc), total soluble solid (TSS), titratable acid (TA) and flavor. And the principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed on these indexes. The results showed that there were relative independentability and close relativity among many quality indexes of table grape. The results from principle comonent analysis showed that the accumulated contribution rate of 5 principle components was 89.02%, reflecting most information about the quality of table grape. The results from cluster analysis showed that the 9 major quality indexes were clustered into 5 categories and finally, its quality indexes were simplified to be 5 indexes of juice yield, TA, Vc, TSS and flavor. _

针对豆腐凝固剂MgCl2在点豆浆过程中反应过快的缺点，制备油包水型MgCl2乳化液，以降低MgCl2在豆浆中的分散速度，提高豆腐的细腻度。用MgCl2•6H2O制备油包水型MgCl2乳化液，研究不同乳化剂(卵磷脂、分子蒸馏单甘酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、山梨糖醇酐硬脂酸酯、单月桂酸甘油酯)及其用量(质量分数0.5%，1.0%，1.5%，2.0%，2.5%，3.0%)、水相(MgCl2、蒸馏水)/油相(卵磷脂、大豆油)的比例(质量比40/60，50/50，55/45，60/40，65/35，70/30，80/20)、MgCl2•6H2O用量(质量分数15%，20%，25%，30%)及乳化工艺(乳化温度(20，30，40，50，60，70 ℃)、转速(3 000，4 000，5 000，6 000，7 000 r/min)、时间(1，2，5，7，10，15 min))对MgCl2乳化液稳定性和黏度的影响，并对用MgCl2乳化液作为凝固剂制得的豆腐与其他种类豆腐进行品质比较。MgCl2乳化液的配方和乳化工艺：水相(MgCl2•6H2O用量为质量分数30%，蒸馏水30%)/油相(卵磷脂用量为质量分数1.5%，大豆油质量分数38.5%)为60/40，按上述配方分别配制水相和油相，水浴加热到50 ℃，将水相缓慢加入油相中，用高剪切混合乳化机以5 000 r/min乳化10 min，最后进行杀菌和灌装，即可得到均匀稳定的MgCl2乳化液。以制备的MgCl2乳化液作为凝固剂可以降低豆浆的凝固速率，制得的豆腐与其他种类豆腐相比，光滑细腻度更好，风味更佳。制备获得了稳定的油包水型MgCl2乳化液，其可降低豆腐的凝固反应速率，制得风味鲜美、光滑细腻的新型豆腐。 | In view of coagulant’s high solubility, the objective of this study was to reduce the reaction rate of MgCl2 in soymilk. This paper studied the effect of optimum dosage (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%) of W/O emulsifiers (lecithin, monoglyceride, sucrose ester, span 60, glycerol monolaurate), concentration of MgCl2•6H2O (15%, 20%, 25%, 30%), the ratio of water/oil (40/60, 50/50, 55/45, 60/40, 65/35, 70/30, 80/20), the optimum emulsifying temperature (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 ℃), stirring speed (3 000, 4 000, 5 000, 6 000, 7 000 r/min) and stirring time (1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 15 min) on the stability and viscosity of emulsion. The emulsion was used as a coagulant for tofu and compared it with other types of tofu. The optimum conditions were as follows: the ratio of water/oil was 60/40, 30% MgCl2•6H2O, 1.5% lecithin, emulsifying temperature 50 ℃, stirring speed 5 000 r/min, and stirring time 10 min. The emulsion can reduce reaction rate of soymilk, and produce delicious and smooth tofu. Emulsifying MgCl2 can reduce reaction rate as new tofu coagulant, and produce delicious and smooth tofu.

构建谷粒的三维模型，为更加精确地分析谷粒在介质中的力学特性及运动规律提供参考。运用逆向工程理论，使用三坐标测量机获得谷粒的点云数据，导入Pro/E中进行数据处理，采用NURBS方法重构曲线，最后生成谷粒实体，得到谷粒的三维模型。重构稻谷谷粒三维模型与实物的对比结果表明，其三轴尺寸及体积误差均在5%以内。构建的稻谷谷粒三维模型在稻谷清选、分级和输送过程的力学与运动学分析中具有重要的应用价值。 | In order to analyze the mechanics characteristics and the law of motion between grain and mechanism more precisely, the three-dimensional model of grain was constructed. Using reverse engineering theory, the point cloud data of grain which were measured with three coordinate measuring system were imported in Pro/E and processed, and using NURBS to reconstruct curve, lastly the entity was generated, and the three-dimensional model was got. Comparing the three-dimensional reconstruction model of rice grain with the material object, it showed that their three-axis size errors and the volume error were less than 5%. The model has an important application value of mechanics and kinematics analysis in rice grain cleaning, grading and transporting.

研究葡萄糖以及含氮、磷、钾、镁的营养物质对藓结皮形成发育的影响，为黄土丘陵区生物土壤结皮的人工修复提供技术指导。以陕北黄土丘陵区自然发育的藓结皮为繁殖材料，进行室内人工培养试验，在培养基中分别添加不同质量浓度的葡萄糖（10，20，30，40，50 g/L）、硝酸铵（0.5，1.0，2.0，4.0，8.0 g/L）、磷酸二氢钾（0.5，1.0，2.0，4.0，8.0 g/L）、硫酸镁（0.25，0.5，1.0，2.0，4.0 g/L），以不添加营养物质为空白对照（CK），当藓结皮生长30 d时，测定藓结皮盖度、藓株密度和藓株高，研究以上营养物质对藓结皮形成发育的影响。1)添加的4种营养物质中，用葡萄糖处理时藓结皮生长最好，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度均最大，分别达到了17.2%和14.6株/cm2；硫酸镁次之；用硝酸铵、磷酸二氢钾处理时，藓结皮盖度、藓株密度、藓株高与CK相比差异均不显著。2)随着葡萄糖质量浓度的增加，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度逐渐增大，且均在葡萄糖质量浓度为50 g/L时达到最大，分别为21.2%和18.9株/cm2。3)随着硝酸铵质量浓度的增加，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度呈先增加后减小的趋势，当硝酸铵质量浓度为1.0 g/L时均达到最大，分别为18.1%和16.3株/cm2。4)随着磷酸二氢钾质量浓度的增加，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度也呈先增加后减小的趋势，在磷酸二氢钾质量浓度为2.0 g/L时，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度均达到最大，磷酸二氢钾质量浓度为8.0 g/L时均降至最小。5)硫酸镁质量浓度为0.25 g/L时，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度均最大，分别达到了17.2%和14.8株/cm2。在土壤培养基中添加葡萄糖和硫酸镁可以显著提高藓结皮盖度和藓株密度；低质量浓度的硝酸铵对藓结皮的生长有促进作用，高质量浓度反而表现出抑制作用；磷酸二氢钾一次性施入培养基土壤时，其对藓结皮的形成发育没有影响；硫酸镁对藓结皮的形成发育有一定影响，但影响结果因其质量浓度不同而存在较大差异。 | Experimental study was carried out on the influence of glucose and nutrients, with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium on the formation and development of moss crust, to provide technical guidance for the manual repair of biological soil crust of the loess hilly area. Using the natural moss of loess hills area as the breeding material, the interior artificial rearing experiment was carried out, glucose (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 g/L), ammonium nitrate (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 g/L), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 g/L), magnesium-sulfate (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 g/L) were added into the culture medium, taking the blank as the comparison, the cover age, density and height of the moss mantle were determined at 30th day, to study the influence of the nourishing substance on the growth of moss mantle. 1) Growth was the best with glucose, moss crust cover age and density of the growth were 17.2% and 14.6 plant/cm2. Compared with CK adding the ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate was not significant. 2) With the increase of glucose, moss crust cover age and plant density gradually increased, reaching highest at 50 g/L, respectively, 21.2% and 18.9 plant/cm2. 3) With the addition of ammonium nitrate, moss crust cover age and the growth of moss plants decreased after increasing the density in the 1.0 g/L maximum, 18.1% and 16.3 plant/cm2. 4) As the addition of potassium dihydrogen sulfate increased, moss crust cover age and the growth of moss plants decreased after increasing, growth reached the highest when the concentration was 2.0 g/L, and to a minimum in 8.0 g/L. 5) Under the 0.25 g/L of magnesium sulfate, the cover age and density of moss crust were the highest, reaching 17.2% and 14.8 plant/cm2. Adding glucose and magnesium sulfate to soil medium can significantly increase the moss crust cover age and plant density of moss growth; Nitrogen has some influence on the growth of moss crust, low concentration can increase the number on unit area of mosses and the growth trend, but high concentration inhibits it; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the medium once has no effect on formation and development of the moss crust; Magnesium sulfate has certain influence on the development of moss crust, but the impact of the results is due to different concentrations of uncertainty.

摘　　要：我国油茶产业迅速发展,种苗繁育及栽培技术不断进步,但油茶分子基础研究薄弱,决定油茶产量、茶油质量、抗性等指标的重要经济、生长性状的分子机理研究甚少,这必将阻碍油茶产业的可持续发展。本项目首次采用高通量测序技术solexa技术对普通油茶＂长林4号＂无性系种子发育的4个时期转录组进行测序,经组装分析获得80 310条unigene,其中确定编码蛋白功能的有21 789条,分为24大类,占All-unigene的27.13%。通过与KEGG库比对,对42 638个unigene进行了Pathway注释,涉及的pathway有265个,主要包括新陈代谢、遗传信息加工、细胞代谢等相关pathway。这些相关研究为分析基因表达的数量及调控模式,分析基因表达调控元件的变化规律,揭示不同发育期基因表达差异等研究打下了良好基础,将为定向育种提供有力的理论指导和技术支持。 | The oil tea industry is developing very fast in China,and great improvements have been made in plantlet propagation and culture technology.While,the molecular mechanisms on tea oil production,quality and resistance were not researched,and which will hamper the development of oil tea industry greatly.To investigate the profile of gene expression in Camellia oleifera and elucidate its functional gene,Solexa sequencing were used to produce a substantial expressed sequence tags dataset from the seed of ＂Changlin4＂.A total of 80 310 unigenes and 21 789 unigenes with protein function annotations were generated.The unigenes with function annotations can be classified into twenty-four functional-categories and account for 27.13% of all unigenes.The All-Unigene were queried against the KEGG pathway database,and 42 638 unigenes were given the pathway annotations and related to 265 pathways,including metabolism,genetic information processing,cell metabolism pathways and so on.Data presented in this study will constitute an important resource for the scientific community that is interested in the molecular genetics and functional genomics of Camellia oleifera.

目的建立基于生理生态过程的水稻籽粒蛋白质积累模拟模型。方法基于不同地点、品种及施氮水平的田间试验资料，通过解析花前植株氮素吸收与积累、花后氮素吸收与转运的动态特征及定量关系，构建水稻植株氮素吸收与籽粒蛋白质积累的模拟模型。结果水稻籽粒中氮素积累速率取决于源限制下的可获取氮源和库限制下的氮素积累速率；源限制下的可获取氮源取决于营养器官向籽粒转运的氮素和花后植株吸收的氮素，库限制下的氮素积累速率由潜在氮素积累速率及温度、水分和氮素因子效应来综合决定。营养器官中的氮素转运又分为叶片和茎中积累氮素的转运；花前叶片和茎中的相对氮含量随播后生长度日线性增加；花后叶片和茎中的相对氮含量随花后生长度日线性递减；花后吸收的氮素随籽粒重的增加对数递增。利用独立的田间试验资料对所建模型进行了检验，结果显示模拟值与观测值之间具有较好的一致性，其中花前叶片与茎秆氮素吸收量、花后籽粒氮素吸收量、花后叶片与茎秆中氮素转运量的决定系数分别为0.968、0.980、0.974、0.970和0.976，根均方差分别为16.55%、13.24%、9.53%、10.93%和9.29%；籽粒蛋白质含量的决定系数分别为0.930，根均方差分别为7.82%。结论模型对不同栽培条件下水稻植株氮素吸收与转运以及籽粒蛋白质积累具有较好的预测性，为水稻生产中籽粒蛋白质指标的动态预测提供了量化工具。 | ObjectiveGrain protein content is an important quality index in rice. The objective of this study was to develop a process based simulation model for predicting the content and accumulation of grain protein under different cultural conditions. MethodOn the basis of the field experiments involving different eco-sites, cultivar types and nitrogen rates, the fundamental relationships between grain protein accumulation and environmental and genetic factors were quantified by modeling the processes of nitrogen assimilation and partitioning within plant. ResultThe model proposed that the rate of individual grain nitrogen accumulation was determined by the nitrogen availability restricted by source and nitrogen accumulation rate restricted by sink. Nitrogen availability of individual grain restricted by source was the sum of nitrogen uptake and remobilization from the vegetative organs post-anthesis, whereas nitrogen accumulation rate restricted by sink was dependent on potential nitrogen accumulation rate and interactive effects of temperature, water and nitrogen factors. Post-anthesis nitrogen uptake exhibited a logarithmic relationship to increasing grain weight. Nitrogen remobilization from the vegetative organs was provided from nitrogen accumulated in both leaves and stems. Relative nitrogen contents in leaves and stems pre-anthesis linearly increased with the accumulative growing degree-days after sowing, while those post-anthesis linearly decreased with the growing degree-days. The model was tested using the independent data sets of different years, eco-sites, cultivars, nitrogen rates, and it exhibited a good fit between the simulated and observed values, with the R2 of 0.968, 0.980, 0.974, 0.970 and 0.976, and RMSE of 16.55%, 13.24%, 9.53%, 10.93% and 9.29% for nitrogen uptake amounts of leaf and stem before anthesis, grain nitrogen uptake amount after anthesis, and nitrogen translocation amount of leaf and stem after anthesis, respectively, with the RMSE of 7.82% and R2 of 0.930 for grain protein content, respectively.ConclusionThe simulation model based on nitrogen assimilation and translocation in rice could give a reliable prediction of plant nitrogen uptake and translocation amounts, and grain protein content and accumulation under different cultural conditions, which would provide a quantitative tool for grain quality prediction.

初步研究1株薛氏丙酸杆菌(Propionibacterium.shermanii)代谢物在摇瓶补料分批发酵中的最适碳源、氮源及其用量，旨在为丙酸杆菌工业化生产提供参考。在摇瓶分批发酵条件下，以丙酸杆菌对恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas.pudia)的抑菌活性为检测指标，以未补加碳氮源处理为对照，从发酵第4~7天，每隔24 h补加1次不同质量浓度的复合碳源（m(乳酸钠)∶m(葡萄糖)=3∶1）、不同氮源（胰蛋白胨、酵母粉、牛肉膏），每天取样检测发酵液的抑菌活性，最后对获得最佳补料条件进行验证，在此基础上确定补料时间。从发酵第4天开始每隔24 h补加1次3 g/L复合碳源和2 g/L酵母粉时，丙酸杆菌代谢物对恶臭假单胞菌抑菌活性在第8 d最高，为33.47 AU/mL，显著高于对照组22.48 AU/mL（P＜0.05)；每隔24 h补料1次与每隔12 h补料1次，对提高抑菌活性的影响不大。在分批发酵过程中每隔24 h补加1次3 g/L复合碳源、2 g/L酵母粉，可以明显提高丙酸杆菌代谢物对恶臭假单胞菌的抑菌活性。 | The preliminary study was conducted to identify the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources and their dosage for Propionibacterium. shermanii under shake flask fed-batch fermentation conditions to provide reference for its industrial production. Different mass concentrations of compound carbon source (m (lactate)∶m (glucose)=3∶1), various nitrogen sources (tryptone, yeast extract, beef extract) were added once every 24 h since the fourth day of the fermentation in shake flask fed-batch fermentation conditions, using the antibacterial activity of the metabolites of Propionibacterium. shermanii against P. pudia as testing index, no additional carbon and nitrogen sources as CK. The antibacterial activity of fermentation broth was detected everyday. Finally the best feeding conditions and the feeding time were verified. The results showed that when 3 g/L compound carbon source and 2 g/L yeast extract were added every 24 h since the fourth day of the famentation, the antibacterial activity of the metabolites of Propionibacterium. shermanii against P. pudia reached its highest antibacterial activity 33.47 AU/mL on the eighth day, significantly higher than that of the control group, 22.48 AU/ml (P0.05). But compared with feeding once every 24 h, feeding once every 12 h had little effect on the elevation of antibacterial activity. In shake flask fed-batch fermentation conditions, feeding 3 g/L compound carbon source and 2 g/L yeast extract once every 24 h can significantly improve the antibacterial activity of the metabolites of Propionibacterium. shermanii against P. pudia._

研究白腐菌漆酶对苹果多酚类物质的催化特征，为开发新型具有生物活性的色素物质提供理论依据。采用单因素和正交组合试验确定白腐菌漆酶对苹果多酚酶促氧化的最佳条件，并对氧化产物的稳定性进行分析；然后对酚类氧化产物进行HPLC分析，初步确定产物组分，最后分析了苹果多酚及其氧化产物对•OH和DPPH•的清除作用。①漆酶对苹果多酚的最佳酶促氧化条件为：反应温度55 ℃，pH 5.5，苹果多酚质量浓度2.5 mg/mL，漆酶浓度 3.5 U/mL。②氧化产物在363 nm处有最大吸收峰，对温度和光照不敏感，随着pH增大颜色加深。③HPLC分析表明，模式底物儿茶酚、表儿茶素、儿茶素分别能产生2，2，4种氧化产物。④抗氧化活性研究表明，质量浓度较高时，苹果多酚氧化产物对•OH和DPPH• 的清除作用强于苹果多酚，且在一定质量浓度范围内呈现量效关系。在氧化产物质量浓度为500 μg/mL时，对•OH的清除率最高，达85.42%；在氧化产物1 000 μg/mL、反应时间为60 min时，对DPPH•的清除率最高，达94.32%。优化了漆酶催化苹果多酚氧化的工艺条件，苹果酚类物质经漆酶催化氧化后形成了新的可溶性、光热稳定性的有色产物，高质量浓度下产物的抗氧化活性较原提取物增强。 | In order to develop novel and bio-active possessed pigment,the catalytic characteristics of apple phenolic compounds catalyzed by Trametes versicolor laccase were investigated. The process parameters of apple phenolic compounds catalyzed by T.versicolor laccase were optimized through both single_factor test and orthogonal experiment and the stability of oxidation products was analyzed; the composition of the end products was determined through HPLC and its properties were measured by scavenging free radical of •OH as well as DPPH•. ①The optimal parameters for the process of laccase catalyzed oxidation were as follows:reaction temperature of 55 ℃, substrate concentration of 2.5 mg/mL, pH 5.5, enzyme dosage of 3.5 U/mL. ②The oxidative products presented maximum absorption peak at 363 nm,the color of which darkened with the increase of pH, and less sensitive to heating and light. ③HPLC analysis showed that substrates of catechol, epicatechin and catechin produced 2, 2 and 4 oxidized products, respectively. ④Each product revealed higher activity to scavenge free radical of •OH as well as DPPH•at their high mass concentration than the substrate, which showed dosage_effect effect within certain mass concentration scope, and a maximum scavenging activity to •OH of 85.42% was reached at mass concentration of 500 μg/mL, while that to DPPH• was 94.32% at 1 000 μg/mL. The conditions of apple phenolic compounds catalyzed by T.versicolor laccase were optimized, and new colorful and soluble product formed from apple polyphenol catalyzed by laccase. The product was stable to light and heating, and showed increased antioxidant activity than the original extract in high mass concentrations.

目的克隆、分析欧李[Cerasus humilis（Bge）Sok]八氢番茄红素合成酶（phytoene synthase，PSY）基因，并利用大肠杆菌异源表达体系验证其功能。方法以欧李果实中分离的总RNA为模板，通过RT-PCR扩增到PSY cDNA中间片段，再利用RACE技术获得该基因cDNA全长并分析其序列；然后利用PCR技术获得欧李PSY cDNA编码区全长，将其克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)，获得重组质粒pET-ChPSY，转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）诱导表达，并利用工程菌株验证融合蛋白6×His-PSY的催化活性。结果欧李PSY cDNA全长1 559 bp，最大开放读码框为1 194 bp，可编码398个氨基酸，命名为ChPSY。核酸序列及其推导的氨基酸序列与已知其它植物PSY核酸、氨基酸序列之间的相似性分别在70%和65%以上，并且发现欧李PSY的N末端存在1―55个氨基酸残基组成的转运肽信号序列，在37―58和219―240氨基酸区域包含2个跨膜结构域。SDS-PAGE分析表明，原核表达获得了具有较高表达水平的融合蛋白6×His-PSY，相对分子量约为45.8 kD。通过大肠杆菌异源表达证实ChPSY可编码一个功能蛋白，促进工程菌株中β-胡萝卜素含量增加。结论该研究成功地克隆了欧李PSY cDNA全长并在大肠杆菌中功能表达，为进一步研究该酶蛋白特性和欧李果实类胡萝卜素的合成机制奠定了基础。 | ObjectiveThe present study aimed at cloning and analyzing the phytoene synthase (PSY) gene from Cerasus humilis (Bge) Sok. and verifying its catalytic function by heterologous expression in E. coli containing a β-carotene producing plasmid. MethodUsing the total RNA from the fruit of C. humilis (Bge) Sok. as the template, the cDNA specific fragment of PSY gene was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and then the full-length cDNA sequence was obtained through rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) techniques and its sequence was analyzed. The full coding sequence of PSY cDNA was amplified using PCR and further subcloned into vector pET-28a (+). The recombinant plasmid pET-ChPSY was expressed in a prokaryotic expression system after its transformation into BL21 (DE3). The catalytic activity of the fusion protein (6×His-PSY) was investigated in E. coli strain engineered to accumulate β-carotene. Result Sequence analysis indicated that the full-length cDNA was 1 559 bp, with an open reading frame of 1 194 bp and encoded a protein of 398 amino acids. The cloned cDNA exhibited a homology of the nucleotides and amino acid sequences of over 70% and 65%, respectively, aligned with PSY genes from other plants. The deduced protein has a signal transit peptide consists of 55 amino acid residues in the N-terminal region and two predicted transmembrane domain in the sites of 37-58 and 219-240 amino acids. The analysis of SDS-PAGE demonstrated that the recombinant fusion proteins (6×His-PSY) was produced at a higher level by prokaryotic expression and migrated at a size of about 45.8 kD. The heterogenous expression in E. coli system confirmed that ChPSY could encode a functional phytoene synthase which could enhance β-carotene content of E. coli engineered to produce β-carotene. Conclusion The PSY gene from Cerasus humilis (Bge) Sok. was successfully cloned and fucntioally expressed in E. coli, which has established a basis for studying the protein characterization and biosynthetic mechanism of carotenoids in fruits of Cerasus humilis (Bge) Sok.

目的农村信息服务体系的建立是一个系统工程，受到国情、地域特征、农村经济社会发展等多种因素影响。论文对宁夏回族自治区农村信息服务模式的适应性效果进行了综合评价，并分析了农村信息服务影响因素，以期明确农村信息服务运行现状、效果以及关键因素，确定信息服务工作重点，探索新农村建设中农村信息服务可持续发展的体制机制。方法构建一套农村信息服务综合评价指标体系，将层次分析法和专家调查法相结合确定指标权重，并采用李克特量表进行测量和评价。对农村信息服务影响因素的确定主要采用多元线性回归模型，选取村GDP、农民文化素质、信息化投入、人均纯收入、网络入户率、信息化设备人均拥有量、信息化培训人次7个因素进行拟合分析。结果样本村的信息服务总体水平较好，调查农户对信息服务法律及政策保障、信息服务内容比较满意，而对信息接受能力、信息资源建设等评价一般。农村信息服务主要与农民文化素质、村信息化投入、农户信息设备拥有情况和信息培训有关，村GDP、人均纯收入和网络入户率对其影响不显著。信息化投入越多，农民信息接受能力越强，信息服务效果越好。越是贫困落后地区，农民文化素质水平低下，信息服务效果越好。结论优化信息化发展环境是解决农村信息服务“最后一公里”的关键，信息服务在贫穷落后地区发挥的作用和效果更大一些，而多元化的信息传播渠道将大大提升信息服务效果。政府应充分发挥其在农村信息服务体系建设中的主导作用，优化农村信息服务环境，加快实用、便携的信息终端普及推广，提高农民的信息意识和信息消费水平。 | Objective The establishment of rural information service system is a systematic engineering which is influenced by various elements such as national conditions, regional characteristics, rural economic and social development. In order to understand the status quo，the effect and key influencing factors of rural information service, address the key working and then explore a mechanism of sustainable development for rural information service in new rural construction, this paper gives an analysis of the effect evaluation and influencing factors of rural information service patterns in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.MethodThe paper constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system for rural information service, combined with AHP and Delphi method to determine the index weight, then measured and evaluated it with Liken Scales. And what is more, it selected four factors for a fitting analysis like GDP, farmers’ culture quality, informatization input, net income per capita, network home rate, amount of information technology equipment per capita and information technology training person times seven factors of rural information service with the multiple linear regression model. Result The general level of information service was good from the sampled villages, farmers were satisfied with the content of information service and policy and legal guarantee. However, the evaluation on information capacities and construction of information resource were general according to these farmers. Rural information service was mainly relative to farmers culture quality, information input, amount of information technology equipment per capita and information technology training person times rather than GDP, net income per capita and network home rate. The more information input, the stronger the ability of farmers to accept the information, the better service effect. The more poverty backward area, the lower farmers’ culture quality got, the better effect of information service.ConclusionIt was found that optimizing development environment was a key to solve “Last One Kilometer” of information service in rural area, information service can further expand its functions and effects in poorer regions, and moreover diversifying channels for information dissemination would greatly enhance its effects. Government should fully play a leading role in construction of rural information service system, optimize development environment of information service and speed up the popularization of portable information terminals, meanwhile, farmers’ consciousness and consumption level of information were needed to be improved .