The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of transcription factor in Desmodium styracifolium, proving that the DsWRKY6 transcription factor was related to the plant phenotypes of Desmodium styracifolium - cv. ‘GuangYaoDa1’ and it could be used in molecular-assisted breeding. ‘GuangYaoDa1’ was used as the material and its DNA was the template to clone DsWRKY6, the transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana line was constructed by agrobacterium tumefaciens‑mediated transformation. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana was cultivated to study phenotype and physiological and biochemical indexes. Phenotypic observation showed that DsWRKY6 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana had a faster growth rate while compared with the control group, they had longer lengths of main stem, lateral branches of cauline leaves, and root, but a lower number of cauline leaves and lateral branches of cauline leaves. And it also showed that their flowering and fruiting periods were advanced. The results of physiological and biochemical indexes showed that the relative expressions of DsWRKY6 increased and the abscisic acid content significantly increased in DsWRKY6 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana compared with the control group. According to the above results, DsWRKY6 could regulate the advancing of flowering and fruiting periods caused by the improvement of abscisic acid content, and expression of the DsWRKY6 transcription factor might be the cause of the upright growth of ‘GuangYaoDa1’.

Model species continue to underpin groundbreaking plant science research. At the same time, the phylogenetic resolution of the land plant Tree of Life continues to improve. The intersection of these two research paths creates a unique opportunity to further extend the usefulness of model species across larger taxonomic groups. Here we promote the utility of the Arabidopsis thaliana model species, especially the ability to connect its genetic and functional resources, to species across the entire Brassicales order. We focus on the utility of using genomics and phylogenomics to bridge the evolution and diversification of several traits across the Brassicales to the resources in Arabidopsis, thereby extending scope from a model species by establishing a “model clade”. These Brassicales-wide traits are discussed in the context of both the model species Arabidopsis thaliana and the family Brassicaceae. We promote the utility of such a “model clade” and make suggestions for building global networks to support future studies in the model order Brassicales. | Model species continue to underpin groundbreaking plant science research. At the same time, the phylogenetic resolution of the land plant Tree of Life continues to improve. The intersection of these two research paths creates a unique opportunity to further extend the usefulness of model species across larger taxonomic groups. Here we promote the utility of the Arabidopsis thaliana model species, especially the ability to connect its genetic and functional resources, to species across the entire Brassicales order. We focus on the utility of using genomics and phylogenomics to bridge the evolution and diversification of several traits across the Brassicales to the resources in Arabidopsis, thereby extending scope from a model species by establishing a “model clade”. These Brassicales-wide traits are discussed in the context of both the model species Arabidopsis thaliana and the family Brassicaceae. We promote the utility of such a “model clade” and make suggestions for building global networks to support future studies in the model order Brassicales.

Streptomycetaceae are found ubiquitously within plant microbiota. Several species belonging to this family are plant growth-promoting bacteria or may inhibit phytopathogens. Such bacteria therefore exert crucial functions in host development and resistance to stresses. Recent studies have shown that plants select beneficial bacteria into their microbiota. However, the selection process and the molecular mechanisms by which selected bacteria modulate the physiology of their host are not yet fully understood. Previous work revealed that the metabolic status of Arabidopsis thaliana was crucial for the selection of Streptomycetaceae into the microbiota, in particular bacteria phylogenetically related to Streptomyces cocklensis or Actinacidiphila bryophytorum (previously named Streptomyces bryophytorum). Here, the Arabidopsis-Streptomycetaceae interaction was further depicted by inoculating axenic A. thaliana with S. cocklensis DSM 42063 or A. bryophytorum DSM 42138. We showed that these two bacteria colonize A. thaliana ecotype Columbia-0 plants, but the colonization efficiency is reduced in a chs5 mutant of the same ecotype, being altered in isoprenoid, phenylpropanoid, and lipid profiles. We observed that A. bryophytorum inhibits growth of the chs5 mutant but not of the wild type, suggesting that the Arabidopsis-Actinacidiphila interaction depends on the metabolic status of the host. Using a mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach, we showed that S. cocklensis and A. bryophytorum modulate the A. thaliana proteome, in particular components involved in photosynthesis or phytohormone homeostasis. This study unveils specific aspects of the Arabidopsis-Streptomycetaceae interaction and highlights its complexity and diversity. [Figure: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.

Abstract Arabidopsis thaliana is a suitable host for phytoparasitic nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne. Successful nematode infection leads to the formation of root galls. We tested for natural genetic variation and inoculation density effects on nematode reproductive success in the interaction between A. thaliana and Meloidogyne javanica. We inoculated different Arabidopsis genotypes with two sources of nematodes at two different doses, using a mild protocol for inoculum preparation. We counted root galls and egg masses 2 months after inoculation. We obtained a high number of successful nematode infections. Infection success differed among Arabidopsis genotypes in interaction with the nematode source. Overall, infection success and reproductive success of nematodes were lower at a higher inoculum dose of nematodes. Our results indicate that natural genetic variation in both host plants and nematodes, as well as short‐ and long‐term negative density effects, shape nematode reproductive success.

The primary aim of this collection is to identify the main genetic and physiological factors that guide the accumulation of reserves, particularly in the form of lipids or proteins, in Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis serves as a valuable model for understanding reserve accumulation in European oilseeds.This dataset collection can also be used to explore the genetic and physiological factors guiding seed composition in Arabidopsis, with potential applications in comparative genetics, environmental response studies, and functional genomics. | ObjectiveThe primary aim of this collection is to identify the main genetic and physiological factors that guide the accumulation of reserves, particularly in the form of lipids or proteins, in Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis serves as a valuable model for understanding reserve accumulation in European oilseeds.This dataset collection can also be used to explore the genetic and physiological factors guiding seed composition in Arabidopsis, with potential applications in comparative genetics, environmental response studies, and functional genomics.Archive 1 Seed Composition: Lipid percentage, Protein percentage, Galactose percentage, Nitrogen concentration, and Carbon concentration, all estimated using NIRS. Additional Traits: Plant Flowering Time, Thousand Seed Weight. Populations Studied: 20 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from four populations: Bla-1×Col-0, Tsu-0×Col-0, Ct-1×Col-0, and Cvi-0×Col-0. Natural Accessions: Includes 49 natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. Replicates: Data collected in three replicates per line or accession. Growth Conditions: Plants were grown in growth chamber.Archive 2 Seed Composition: Lipid percentage, Protein percentage, Galactose percentage, Nitrogen concentration, and Carbon concentration (NIRS). Additional Traits: Plant Flowering Time, Thousand Seed Weight. Populations Studied: 20 recombinant inbred lines from eight populations: Bla-1×Col-0, Tsu-0×Col-0, Ct-1×Col-0, Cvi-0×Col-0, Shahdara×Col-0, Ge-0×Col-0, Bur-0×Col-0, and Blh-1×Col-0. Natural Accessions: Includes 49 natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. Replicates: Data collected in three replicates per line or accession. Growth Conditions: Plants were grown in growth chamber.Archive 4 Seed Composition: Lipid percentage, Protein percentage, Galactose percentage, Nitrogen concentration, and Carbon concentration (NIRS). Additional Traits: Plant Flowering Time, Thousand Seed Weight. Populations Studied: 20 recombinant inbred lines from eight populations (same as Archive 2). Natural Accessions: 49 natural accessions, plus 2 mutants (pkp2-1, tag1-2, wri1-3). Replicates: Data collected in three replicates per line or accession. Growth Conditions: Plants were grown in growth chamber.Archive 5 Seed Composition: Lipid percentage, Protein percentage, Galactose percentage, Nitrogen concentration, and Carbon concentration (NIRS). Additional Traits: Thousand Seed Weight. Populations Studied: Around 160 inbred lines from three recombinant inbred line populations: Ct-1×Col-0, Cvi-0×Col-0, and Bur-0×Col-0. Replicates: Data collected in three replicates per line. Growth Conditions: Plants were grown in greenhouses. Reference: Data corresponds to the material used in the study by Chardon et al. (2014).Archive 6 Seed Composition: Lipid percentage, Protein percentage, Galactose percentage, Nitrogen concentration, and Carbon concentration (NIRS). Populations Studied: 324 natural Swedish accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. Replicates: Data collected in four replicates per accession. Growth Conditions: Plants were grown in growth chambers.

Abstract In Brassicaceae self‐incompatibility (SI), self‐pollen rejection is initiated by the S‐haplotype specific interactions between the pollen S cysteine‐rich/S‐locus protein 11 (SCR/SP11) ligands and the stigma S receptor kinases (SRK). In Brassica SI, a member of the Plant U‐Box (PUB) E3 ubiquitin ligases, ARM‐repeat containing 1 (ARC1), is then activated by SRK in this stigma and cellular events downstream of this cause SI pollen rejection by inhibiting pollen hydration and pollen tube growth. During the transition to selfing, Arabidopsis thaliana lost the SI components, SCR, SRK, and ARC1. However, this trait can be reintroduced into A. thaliana by adding back functional copies of these genes from closely related SI species. Both SCR and SRK are required for this, though the degree of SI pollen rejection varies between A. thaliana accessions, and ARC1 is not always needed to produce a strong SI response. For the A. thaliana C24 accession, only transforming with Arabidopsis lyrata SCR and SRK confers a strong SI trait (SI‐C24), and so here, we investigated if ARC1‐related PUBs were involved in the SI pathway in the transgenic A. thaliana SI‐C24 line. Two close ARC1 homologs, PUB17 and PUB16, were selected, and (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology was used to generate pub17 and pub16 mutations in the C24 accession. These mutants were then crossed into the transgenic A. thaliana SI‐C24 line and their potential impact on SI pollen rejection was investigated. Overall, we did not observe any significant differences in SI responses to implicate PUB17 and PUB16 functioning in the transgenic A. thaliana SI‐C24 stigma to reject SI pollen.

Methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) proteins play vital roles in epigenetic gene regulation, and they have diverse molecular, cellular, and biological functions in plants. MBD proteins have been functionally characterized in a few plant species. However, the structure and function of MBD proteins in <i>Arabidopsis halleri</i> and <i>Arabidopsis lyrata</i> remain unknown. In this study, 12 <i>A. halleri</i> MBD (AhMBD) and 13 <i>A. lyrata</i> MBD (AlMBD) genes were identified. A phylogenetic analysis of the <i>Arabidopsis</i> genus showed that the MBD proteins of three species (<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, <i>A. helleri</i>, and <i>A. lyrata</i>) could be classified into eight classes. Expression patterns suggested that the <i>AtMBD</i> genes were expressed in different tissues. We characterized the function of <i>AtMBD3</i> and found that it was constitutively localized to the nucleus and interacted with several AtMBD protein members. Our results reveal that <i>AtMBD3</i> is involved in the development of <i>A. thaliana</i>, which may be helpful in further studies on these genes in <i>A. helleri</i> and <i>A. lyrata</i>.

Plants are sessile organisms that have acquired highly plastic developmental strategies to adapt to the environment. Among these processes, the floral transition is essential to ensure reproductive success and is finely regulated by several internal and external genetic networks. The photoperiodic pathway, which controls plant response to day length, is one of the most important pathways controlling flowering. In Arabidopsis photoperiodic flowering, CONSTANS (CO) is the central gene activating the expression of the florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in the leaves at the end of a long day. The circadian clock strongly regulates CO expression. However, to date, no evidence has been reported regarding a feedback loop from the photoperiod pathway back to the circadian clock. Using transcriptional networks, we have identified relevant network motifs regulating the interplay between the circadian clock and the photoperiod pathway. Gene expression, chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments, and phenotypic analysis allowed us to elucidate the role of CO over the circadian clock. Plants with altered CO expression showed a different internal clock period, measured by daily leaf rhythmic movements. We showed that CO upregulates the expression of key genes related to the circadian clock, such as CCA1, LHY, PRR5, and GI, at the end of a long day by binding to specific sites on their promoters. Moreover, a high number of PRR5-repressed target genes are upregulated by CO, and this could explain the phase transition promoted by CO. The CO-PRR5 complex interacts with the bZIP transcription factor HY5 and helps to localize the complex in the promoters of clock genes. Taken together, our results indicate that there may be a feedback loop in which CO communicates back to the circadian clock, providing seasonal information to the circadian system. | Work by G.S.-B. was supported by a European Union contract LONGFLOW, MSCAIF-2018- 838317 and CSIC LONGFLOW, CONV_EXT_014 . The financial support of the Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovations (MICINN/FEDER) PID2020-117018RB-I00 to F.V. is also acknowledged. We thank Prof. George Coupland (MPIPZ, Cologne, Germany) for discussion and critical reading of the manuscript. | Peer reviewed

Abstract Background Telomeric repeat arrays at the ends of chromosomes are highly dynamic in composition, but their repetitive nature and technological limitations have made it difficult to assess their true variation in genome diversity surveys. Results We have comprehensively characterized the sequence variation immediately adjacent to the canonical telomeric repeat arrays at the very ends of chromosomes in 74 genetically diverse Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. We first describe several types of distinct telomeric repeat units and then identify evolutionary processes such as local homogenization and higher-order repeat formation that shape diversity of chromosome ends. By comparing largely isogenic samples, we also determine repeat number variation of the degenerate and variant telomeric repeat array at both the germline and somatic levels. Finally, our analysis of haplotype structure uncovers chromosome end-specific patterns in the distribution of variant telomeric repeats, and their linkage to the more proximal non-coding region. Conclusions Our findings illustrate the spectrum of telomeric repeat variation at multiple levels in A. thaliana—in germline and soma, across all chromosome ends, and across genetic groups—thereby expanding our knowledge of the evolution of chromosome ends.