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Analyse par l' USDA des risques presentes par les auxiliaires.
1992
Lima P.J.
Choice of crop protection technologies under risk: an expected utility maximization framework.
1992
Rola A.C. | Pingali P.L.
This paper presents an economic assessment of the various crop protection technologies, including complete control, economic threshold level (ETL), natural control and farmers' practice in an environment where farmers face production risk. Data were derived from experiments conducted by the Entomology Department of IRRI. Estimates of risk aversion parameters were used to define an expected utility function for farmers that was used in ranking stochastic pest control technologies. Results showed that natural control is superior in normal times. Changes in both input and output prices would make farmers' practice and natural control more dominant strategies in wet and dry seasons, respectively than the other two treatments, in terms of net benefit values.
Show more [+] Less [-]Pest risk assessment of the importation of Pinus Radiata and Douglas-fir logs from New Zealand
1992
Human and social constraints to the implementation of IPM [integrated pest management] programmes [Philippines]
1992
Escalada, M.M. | Heong, K.L. (Visayas State Coll. of Agriculture, Baybay, Leyte (Philippines). Dept. of Development Communication)
To improve IPM [Integrated Pest Management] implementation, an assessment of human and social constraints which slow down the implementation of IPM programmes is needed. Human constraints are related to farmers' perceptions of pests, the influence of socio-economic factors and impact of the communication media. These include farmers' knowledge gaps, their overestimation of highly visible damages, ease of use of pesticides, extension reach, association of pesticides with medicine, risk aversion, and complexity of IPM. Social constraints, which arise from the interactions among the actors in the agricultural systems such as the farmers, extension technicians and pesticide sales agents, involve substituting field training with extension media, association of high input use with modernism, promotion of pesticides, and role of women in IPM implementation programmes. Analysis of these constraints suggest that a mix of structural changes and educational interventions are needed to deal with these impediments.
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