The wood is one of the materials most used in various fields of society and is considered an important structural element in the construction sector. Therefore, it is essential to study their responses about the physical and mechanical characteristics of the forest species for this use, and analyze new techniques to get this data. Thus, the aim of this study was to use the interferometric technique of Moiré to detect the points of greatest tension in pieces of wood of maçaranduba (Manilkara sp.) and canela (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn) used in construction connected by metal screws and nails, to identify the strain points in wood subjected to different tension. Analysis of resistance to compression the of woods in the transverse direction to the fibers indicated that the maçaranduba specie (Manilkara sp.) is the strongest, either with screw connector or nail connector of loads 1 and 2 ton, since presented dark color in response to optical analysis. Therefore, the use of the moire technique was capable of detecting changes on the surface of the wood studied subject to different compression forces by means of its optical phenomena involved, making it a potential tool in the study of small wooden structures.

The objective of this study was to quantify the total contents and the organic carbon variation of soil with different degrees of lability in areas under organic fruit production system in the semi-arid Bahia. The study was conducted at Organic Bocaiúva Chacara located in Humble district, Feira de Santana, Bahia. The selected areas under different uses were: (CIT) Cultivation of citrus, (MAR) passion fruit cultivation and (ABA) area under pineapple cultivation. For comparison it was also evaluated an area under native forest system (MN). For each use system soil samples were collected at 0-10 and 10-20 cm in four replications. To obtain the different fractions was used doses of 2.5 and 5 ml of concentrated H2SO4, which corresponded to concentrations of 3 and 6 mol L-1, respectively, while keeping constant the concentration of K2Cr2O7 in 0.167 mol L-1. Total organic carbon was obtained by wet oxidation with an external source of heat. The results show that the organic production systems studied non labile C is the highest percentage in the formation of COT. The SEA area presented organic carbon values in the various fractions and the COT like reference system (MN), which indicates that the system is being handled properly, causing no decrease in the levels of organic matter in the soil.

The production of good quality seedlings becomes essential strategy for those who wish to become production that is more competitive. To induce dormancy breaking and germination and emergence of these, the imbibing of natural acid in seeds can be an alternative for the optimization of this process. The aim of this study is to evaluate the dormancy breaking in Anonna seeds squamosa immersed in different natural acid in times through the lemon juice Rangpur (Citrus limonia Osbeck). This work is being conducted in Biotecnogia laboratory greenhouse at the Federal Institute Goiano campus Urutaí where the seeds were soaked in lemon juice Rangpur (C. limonia) in five different times, each time constituting a treatment: seeds without soaking in lemon groove variety Cravo '(T1); soaked for 8 hours (T2); soaked for 16 hours (T3); soaked for 24 hours (T4); soaked for 32 hours (T5). The seeds were sown in plastic boxes with dimensions 40 x 27 x 10 cm, containing washed sand substrate, 2 cm deep in spacing of 2 x 2 cm. The germination percentage data were determined up to 45 days after sowing (DAS), and survival to 73 (DAS). After 73 DAS were evaluated after 73 days of sowing, they were evaluated; germination and survival; emergence speed index (EVI); total length of seedlings; shoot length of seedlings and radicle length (cm); Stem diameter (mm); pair of leaf number (MPN); total fresh mass changes (MFT); dry matter of shoot and radicle (g). There was not statistical diseases among treatments. T4 treatment in comparison to others on the numerical difference CTM, NPF, DC and CPA.Â

Diseases that occur in corn crops can cause great losses to farmers and consumers of its product and derivatives. So, was evaluated the sanity of maize grains in different genetic materials. The grains used were obtained from the crop of 2014/2015 on a farm in the city of Sorriso, State of Mato Grosso. For this, grain samples were collected from hybrids P3630H, 30F53YH, P2830H, and P3844H. The standard test ("Blotter Test") allowed noticing the incidence of Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp. and Penicillium sp. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. In treatments with the resistant genetic material the genus with the highest incidence was Penicillium sp. (82%), followed by Fusarium sp. (68.75%) and Aspergillus sp. (15.25%). The hybrid with the lower incidence of Fusarium sp. was P2830H (59%). The hybrid with greater resistance to Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. was P3844H (5 and 55%, respectively). The most susceptible hybrid to pathogens Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp. and Penicillium sp. was 30F53YH (37, 79 and 94%, respectively). For the better sanitary quality of grains, based on the observed data, it is recommended to use the hybrid P2830H

Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Metamasius hemipterus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are the main beetles associated with banana plants in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of attractive traps for monitoring these beetles, from May to September 2012 (hot season) and October 2012 to April 2013 (rainy season), in the Amazon biome conditions. The experiment was installed in commercial banana plantations that produce the banana variety cv. Nanicão, divided into three plots of 0.5 hectare each, assessing the following treatments: 1) synthetic aggregation pheromone for the species C. sordidus (control); 2) molasses sugarcane and; 3) sugarcane oarlock. It was found that the three baits showed similar behavior in the hot and rainy season, with the highest catch of C. sordidus in the rainy season. The molasses sugarcane and sugarcane oarlock did not show efficiency in the capture of C. sordidus. Attractive bait sugarcane oarlock, in pitfall trap, proved efficient for both monitoring and mass collect M. hemipterus in banana plantations.

“Erva mate” is a native tree, which is very important for the gaucho culture mainly because it serves as raw material for the traditional mate, and other products. Due to the high disease incidence in the “erva mate” plantations and nursery, the lack of information related to the pathogens that occur in this culture and its proper management, many farmers have abandoned these areas to cultivate major crops. This study aimed conduct a survey and identification of major diseases that occur in “erva mate” in the Alto Uruguai Gaucho region. For this, soil samples were collected for posterior serial dilution and quantification of colony forming units (CFUs), and aerial part samples of unhealthy plants for later identification of present pathogens. In the aerial part samples, it was found that the highest incidence in “erva mate” plantations and nurseries was the Fusarium genus, and also identified genre fungi as Colletotrichum, Cylindrocladium and saprophytes as Rhizopus and Cladosporium. Furthermore, it was evident the presence of genus Trichoderma in the soil samples, which is important since this is an antagonist of Fusarium species that are potentially pathogenic to this culture.

This study was conducted at Jamanchim Farm and aimed to evaluate the natural regeneration in an area of forest in the northern region of Mato Grosso state. We evaluated the horizontal structure of phytosociological parameters (density, frequency, dominance, importance value index, diversity index and natural regeneration). For the evaluation of the parameters were set six plots of 10 x 10m in areas of glades located within the permanent plots of the management plan, which was explored in 2007. We sampled all individuals taller than 10 cm. Diameter were measured for analysis subjects with a diameter of 30 cm of soil (DAS 30) ≥ 1 cm, and identified 23 families, 25 genera and 15 species, in a total of 810 individuals at 0,6 hectare. As families most representative with respect to number of individuals were Euphorbiaceae (188), Burseraceae (159), Moraceae (81), Myrtaceae (65), Lauraceae (61), Mimosaceae (39). The analysis of datas indicated a general survey of the Shannon-Wienner of 2,57 for class I and II and 2.21 for class III. The most important species were Crotonu rucurana and Trattinickia rhoifolia, these two species are featured in all parameters evaluated. Based on the work it is clear that the forest in question had low floristic diversity.

The objective was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of  Nelore heifers with mineral supplementation associated with chelated chromium and imunocastrated with BOPRIVA ® vaccine of Pfizer. The work was conducted in Caiabi farm in Alta Floresta - MT, being used 60 heifers at 18 months of age and average live weight of 324kg. The animals were divided into four groups being: Treatment 1 (T1) was used 15 heifers vaccinated with Bopriva. Treatment 2 (T2) 15 heifers control groups. Treatment 3 (T3) 15 heifers supplemented with chelated chromium and treatment 4 (T4) 15 heifers supplemented without chelated chromium. The heifers were kept in continuous grazing for 120 days and weighed every 28 days to daily weight monitoring. The results observed for those animals receiving chromium in the diet was statistically different only carcass conformation, whereas the animals receiving the chelated chromium had a conformation greater than those who received no chromium, 4.11 and 3.44 respectively. As immunocastration, animals that underwent vaccine had lower slaughter weight with 361.50 kg and less weight hot carcass with 180.83 kg, compared with the unvaccinated who had a live weight of 378.06 kg and hot carcass weight 190.71 kg. Chromium interfered in carcass quality while the vaccine was not evaluated for statistical differences production and carcass quality.

The corn (Zea Mays L.) resistant to nonselective herbicides, found in soybean crops, originating from seed germination lost in mechanical harvesting is considered an invasive plant. Resulting from this, the study was to evaluate ACCase inhibitors and ALS herbicides with and without glyphosate, noting their effectiveness for controlling voluntary plant corn resistant to glyphosate herbicide. The work was conducted in UNIVAR experimental field located in the county of Barra do Garças - MT. The experimental design was randomized blocks, factorial 6x2, totaling 12 treatments and 4 repetitions. The first factor was composed of the treatments: control, Haloxyfop-P-methyl, Tepraloxydim, Sethoxydim, Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, and Imazethapyr. The second factor consists of the same treatments with the addition of glyphosate. The evaluations within 15 days after the application was only significant difference between treatments and evaluations to 45 DAA was interaction among the factors, with satisfactory results. The Haloxyfop, Fenoxaprop and Tepraloxydim herbicides were efficient in controlling corn plants resistant to glyphosate herbicide applications in the stadium v8. They did not show satisfactory control herbicides, Imazethapyr and Sethoxydim, and the latter showed interaction among the factors to 30 DAA.

The guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a fruit plant that is widely distributed in Brazil. In the state of Mato Grosso, the culture adapted well in an irrigated system, however, there are still few studies related to the quality of the fruits produced in the state. In this way the objective of this work was to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of guava fruits cultivated in the region of Tangará da Serra - MT and establish the correlation between these characteristics. A randomized complete block design with three cultivars (Rica, Ogawa and Paluma) was used, four replications with six plants, where the following characteristics were evaluated: fresh mass, length, diameter, length / diameter ratio, pulp percentage, Total soluble solids, titratable total acidity, pH and ratio. The fruits of the cultivars Paluma, Rica and Ogawa cultivated in Tangará da Serra-MT have quality both for the in natura market and for the industry, in addition, a correlation of the physical and chemical characteristics of the guava fruits was observed, allowing the use Of simpler feature evaluations to aid the selection process.