Corn is a crop of great national importance, being the second most produced grain in Brazil. However, their yield is affected, among other factors, by soil fertility. The objective of this work was to evaluate the initial growth of two cultivars of maize cultivated in different types of soil. The experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized block design, in a factorial scheme two maize cultivars (Pioneer and Bandeirantes) x 3 soil types (clayey, mixed and black soil), with eight replications each. The height and diameter of the stem were evaluated weekly. The dry mass of the aerial part (MSPA), roots (MSR) and total (MST), as well as the MSPA / MSR ratio, were evaluated 21 days after emergence of the seedlings. For the height and diameter data, regression analysis was performed at a 10% probability level. For the other variables, we analyzed the factorial variance at x b at the 5% probability level. The software BioEstat version 5.3 was used. It was observed that T1 and T2, for both cv. of maize, obtained the highest results for stem height and diameter, MSPA, MSR, MST and MSPA / MSR ratio. Regarding the cultivar, Pioneer was superior to Bandeirantes for the variables MSPA, MST and MSPA / MSR ratio. Therefore, clayey and mixed soils were superior to black soil, favoring the initial development of corn plants.

The demand for minimally processed fruits has grown worldwide due to the practicality and maintenance of the freshness of these foods. In this way, this work was carried out with the purpose of evaluating the storage of coconut minimally processed and stored in different packages. In the laboratory, the processing of the fruits consisted of the subdivision into smaller pieces with the aid of graters of stainless steel. The minimally processed product was stored in polyethylene bags tied at the end and in high density polypropylene containers with a lid. The products were conditioned in a BOD chamber for six days at a temperature of 12ºC and 75% relative humidity and evaluated every two days for soluble solids, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid using three replicates for each treatment. Storage for six days led to an increase in titratable acidity and a reduction in soluble solids contents and in the relationship between the two variables ("ratio"). However, there were no changes in browning, flavor, aroma or odor. The use of the packages maintained the quality of the coconut, and did not present differences between them for the soluble solids contents and titratable acidity, only on the second day presented difference for ascorbic acid contents.

The maize crop stands out against the national agricultural production, which promotes the frequent emergence of new cultivars and demand for evaluations regarding local performance. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate super early maize cultivars as development characteristics and potential of use in the Cerrado region of Goiás during the first crop. Eighteen genotypes of super early maize were evaluated, among varieties and hybrids, in an experiment with a randomized block design, conducted in Goianésia-GO. General development variables were evaluated, as well as variables related to characteristics for green corn, grain corn and silage. The data were analyzed by analyzes of variance and cluster. The genotypes showed different performance for the evaluated characteristics. The cultivar BAL280PRO presented better performance as the characteristics for the production of green corn. Genotypes 2B587PW and 30A37PW showed higher grain yield. While for the silage characteristics, the simple hybrid BAL280PRO and the triple hybrid CSP-SEMPREX043 presented greater potential. For cultivation indication of these genotypes should be checked their performance in years and different places, for obtain stability information.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of nutrient absorption with the use of additives such as monensin and flavomycin in steers performance. Performance parameters were studied in 111 (one hundred and eleven) uncastrated steers with aged 20 to 22 months and mean live weight of 469.8 kg, divided into two experimental groups: 54 steers Nellore flavomycin (NF) and 57 steers Nellore with flavomycin and monensin (NFM). NFM animals had total weight gain, mean daily gain and percentage gain (p<0.05) higher than NF animals. Therefore, the use of monensin associated with flavomycin in Nellore sows in semi confinement provided a better performance of total and daily weight gain in relation to the use of monensin alone.

The white Lupin (Lupinus albus) is a legume of the genus Lupinus, originally from the Mediterranean region, prominent nutritional value, due to your high level of dietary fiber, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids balanced profile. In addition, it has bioactive compounds, mainly polyphenols, with significant antioxidant capacity.  Even if the present low level of white Lupin alkaloids, as the lupanine, yet the presence of these compounds can be a limiting factor for your consumption. However, despite being an antinutricional factor, possible effect antihypertensive and anti-hiperglicemic of lupanine are being reported. In this way, this work aimed to evaluate the content of total polyphenols (extractable and macromolecular), antioxidant capacity and identify the presence of lupanine in white Lupin beans, subjected or not to heat treatment. Quantification of polyphenols was carried out by the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, antioxidant activity tests TEAC and DPPH and lupanine identification by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. In all samples analysed, it was possible to identify the lupanine. The levels of total polyphenols found in control and treated thermally samples were 6142,50 and 6418,44 (mg GAE/100 g), respectively. With respect to the antioxidant capacity of the Lupine the EC50 ranged from 3473,49 ± 201,98 to 3832,65 ± 235,87 (g sample/g DPPH). Using the ABTS radical, the antioxidant activity presented values TEAC that ranged from 250,14 ± 14,32 to 270,39 ± 8,37 (µM trolox/g sample). Greater antioxidant capacity was linked to macromolecular polyphenols. Heat treatment did not interfere in the contents of polyphenols and antioxidant capacity of white Lupin beans.

Although salinity is a natural phenomenon, the increase in arable land with high salinity has increased, becoming a worldwide concern. This has affected the development of societies, which requires more food production to meet the needs of the population. In this context, saline stress has limited agricultural productivity. The salinity of the soil can be anthropogenic, through the accumulation of salts through the irrigation waters of crops. The objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographical research on the effects of saline stress on the initial growth and development of plant species. In order to do so, a bibliographical research of published scientific articles was carried out, so that a more insight is taken, in front of what has been published on this subject, for compilation and analysis of the reported data. It is reported in the literature that several species of plants have little tolerance to salt stress.  In general, research has directed its experimental analyzes to the early stages of plant development (germination and initial seedling growth).Most studies published in the literature have reported that soils with salt concentrations between 30-50 dS m-1 and 30-90 mM NaCl have negatively affected the development of several plant species. Among the regions most affected by salinization is the semi-arid region, which presents high evapotranspiration and low annual precipitation, compromising the agricultural productivity of this region.

In restoration in arid and semi-arid zones, the use of strategies to overcome water stress is fundamental to ensure the survival and establishment of seedlings.  The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of hydrogel, associated to different irrigation frequencies, on initial growth, dry biomass allocation and seedling quality of E. contortisiliquum. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Alagoas - Campus Arapiraca. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x2 factorial arrangement, represented by two irrigation intervals (two and four days), in the absence and presence of hydrogel, constituting four treatments with 10 replications per evaluated period. The results suggest that the application of the hydrogel should be carried out at the time of planting of E. contortisiliquum, to promote greater growth and dry biomass. In addition, it was verified that the use of the hydrogel can mitigate the effects of water stress during the initial plant growth phase, besides improving the quality of the seedlings.

Soil degradation and erosion loss due to inadequate management pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity and contribute to the aggravation of environmental impacts. Soil, vegetative and mechanical practices of soil conservation are being developed to assist in the attenuation of these problems. The present research was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of mulching in the conversation of a sandy loam soil in the state of Mato Grosso. The study was developed under field conditions at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Rondonópolis Campus and a completely randomized design with two treatments, with and without vegetation cover, where soil temperature, spontaneous plant quantification, soil moisture and relative humidity of the soil surface. It was verified that mulching kept the soil with a temperature gradient around two degrees lower than the uncovered treatment, besides reducing the emergence of spontaneous plants in 36 times and raising soil moisture by approximately four degrees, but not had an effect on soil surface moisture. Therefore, the use of mulch is an advantageous practice, which improves the hydrothermal characteristics of the soil and reduces the incidence of spontaneous plants

This study was conducted aiming to realize a setting up of ethnoespecies used by the rural population in the municipality of Lajeado do Bugre (RS). The setting up was conducted in October 2016, in 14 properties in the rural area of the municipality. The collect of data was done through an interview with open and semistructured questions, which was performed with an adult resident. After the interview, the species were listed in alphabetical order of the botanical family, followed by the scientific name, indications of use, form of preparation, used plant part, popular names and other complementary information. As results, we observed that the age of the interviewees ranged from 20 to 83 years old, being 70% of them being male. Were cited twenty-five ethnoespecies distributed in 17 botanical families. The families with greater number of species cited were the Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families. There were no records of medicinal plants for mystical use The three species most cited were: macela [Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC.], capim limão [Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf.] e poejo (Mentha pulegium L.). The most mentioned indications of use were for the treatment of anemia, kidney problem, infantile colic, headaches and for the slimming. Of the interviewees, 60% reported that the main vegetative part used is the leaves. Regarding the forms of preparation, the most cited were the preparation as infused tea. It was verified that the inhabitants of the rural area of Lajeado do Bugre (RS) use a large number of ethnospecies for medicinal purposes for relief and / or cure of symptoms, and knowledge about the use of medicinal plants has a strong influence on popular knowledge inherited and passed on from generation to generation.

This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of seed, as the sensitivity of desiccation tolerance after being subjected to drying, and observe their effects on the germination of seeds of Tamboril and Mororó. It was determined the moisture content of the seeds for the greenhouse method at 105 ± 3 °C for 24 hours. To determine the standard curve was determined by soaking, as to characterize the loss of desiccation tolerance, seeds were dried for 72 hours over silica gel using a soaking treatments: 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 or 120 hours. Then the seeds were placed in humid chambers and replaced in germination conditions for the resumption of growth analysis thus seeds that germinated and continued its growth were considered tolerant to desiccation, the others were considered hard or killed. The experimental design was completely randomized and the data were submitted to analysis of variance and polynomial regression. It was observed that the initial seed moisture content was 7.33% and 19% for Tamboril and Mororó, respectively. During drying the seed weight of both species showed sharp drop in the first 12 hours. It was found that drying did not cause serious damage to the seed monkfish, in which there was no loss of desiccation tolerance at any stage of germination. Already the seeds of Mororó in periods of 72 and 96 hours, the seeds did not resume growth, highlighting the loss of desiccation tolerance will be shown.