Penyakit merah virus disease of paddy [rice] - The problem and strategy for control in Malaysia
1985
Chang, P.M. (Institut Penyelidikan dan Kemajuan Pertanian Malaysia, Kubang Keranji, Kelantan) | Habibuddin Hashim | Othman Omar | Saad Abdullah | Supaad Mohd Amin
Penyakit merah virus (PMV) disease or tungro is currently the most serious problem in Malaysia. It presents a dangerous threat to rice production in the country. Before 1970, the disease was significant only in the Krian area of Perak. PMV was found in Penang and Seberang Perai in 1980 and since then, it has spread to Kedah and Perlis causing severe yield losses. At the end of 1983, the disease was confirmed to be present in 40 ha in Kelantan. Much of the epidemiology of PMV is known. A brief review of recent research conducted by the Rice Research Branch of MARDI is presented together with current control strategy by the Department of Agriculture and various implementing agencies. The control strategy includes training of extension staff and farmers, a surveillance system to monitor disease occurrence and the presence of viruliferous green leafhopper (GLH) vectors, the use of resistant or less susceptible paddy varieties, cultural practices to reduce disease inoculum source and vector population, timing of planting to avoid peak infestation pressure, and the use of chemical insecticides to control the GLH vector. Although this integrated approach is theoretically sound, constraints at farm levels may prevent the effective implementation of the control programmes. Greater emphasis has to be placed on educating the farmers to that they can involve themselves in the actual ground control at the disease.
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