Intercropping and relay planting in upland rice [Philippines]
1986
Libbon, S.P. (International Rice Research Inst., Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines))
Upland rice (Oryza sativa), often intercropped by farmers in the tropics, is commonly grown without N fertilizer. An exploratory experiment was established to determine if intercropped rice and cowpea could be followed by maize and a drought tolerant dual purpose legume (Lablab purpureus). In intercropping, one cowpea row replaced two rows of rice. Maize was planted into rows vacated by cowpea, and lablab was planted into rows vacated by rice. The experimental plots received a total of 52 kg P/ha but no N fertilizer. The results indicated that in 1984 WS [wet season] and 1985 DS [dry season], resulted to low rice yields. The aggressive characteristics of TVX 289-4G further depressed rice yields. But maize planted following TVX 289-4G yielded greater than following EG 3, suggesting residual N from cowpea. Lablab grew poorly during the short days, thereby producing small amount of seeds in February. Flowering ceased at late dry season. The light rains in April and May promoted vegetative growth. Average herbage yield at harvest was 4.9 t/ha. In the 2nd year (1985-WS), low soil fertility, generally produced low rice yields. However where rice was intercropped with cowpea, rice yields expressed on a per ha basis were higher than yields from monocropped rice. The cowpea line IT82D-889 was not agressive and did not grow over rice. The relatively higher intercropped rice yields were due to extraction of soil N from a larger soil volume/plant and residual N from cowpea.
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