Testing the differences in drought resistance in wheat varieties
1990
Blaha, L. (Vyzkumny Ustav Rostlinne Vyroby, Prague-Ruzyne (CSFR))
Four tests have been chosen from the set of laboratory tests evaluating the resistance of six wheat varieties (M. Marksman, Chlumecka 12, Mironovska 808, Karlik-1, Mexico-50 B 21, Vala) to drought. The tests technically simple and enabling the good prediction of a variety behaviour in field conditions with a humidity deficit, are as follows: a test in an inclined growth pot, a test with measuring the water loss speed in separated plant parts, a test in Petri dishes (when accurate water dosing, variety seeds for sowing germinate) and a test in test tubes which is based on the same principle. In all tests, the seeds for sowing were selected and sterilized together with glass pots. As far as the sensitivity is concerned, the response of the varieties in field (and in artificial) conditions was identical with the order which was determined in the laboratory tests. The rate of catch in the case of sensitive varieties resulted mostly in the reduction of straw weight, the increase of harvest index values, the increase of dry matter/water ratio during heading (= less water) which is expressed by weights share. However, the yield reduction of individual varieties was different. Maris Marksman and Chlumecka 12 varieties had the minimum yield reduction. The first variety is characterized by the maximum share of its root system in the whole plant biomass and the second one has the maximum mass of its root system in the time of plant heading. The results have shown that the laboratory selection of varieties, that have higher resistance to stress due to the humidity deficit, is possible.
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