Analysis of Aegilops cylindrica L. em. Thell. x Triticum aestivum L., F1 hybrids
1990
Koszegi, B. | Sutka, J. (Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia, Martonvasar (Hungary). Mezogazdasagi Kutato Intezet)
Due to the susceptibility of artificial wheat genotypes, attempts are being made all over the world to transfer chromosomes, genes and gene complexes from related plants into cultivated wheat species. Numerous species in the Aegilops genus are disease-resistant and have excellent resistance to drought and frost. In order to improve the frost resistance of T. aestivum, crosses were made between A. cylindrica and T. aestivum. The T. aestivum varieties used were Chinese Spring /CS/, a popular variety for such experiment, and Martonvasari 14 /Mv 14/. Castrated flowers of A. cylindrica were pollinated with pollen from CS and Mv 14. Quantitative analysis on the F1 generation show that the hybrid data were usually closer to these of the parent with the higher values, even exceeding these for ear length, spikelet length and glume length. Discriminance analysis on the parental and F1 populations showed the A. cylindrica x CS F1 to resemble the CS parent and the A. cylindrica x Mv 14 F1 to resemble the A. cylindrica parent. As for cytological results, the mean chromosome number was 33.5 for the A. cylindrica x CS F1 hybrid and 33.9 for the A. cylindrica x Mv 14 F1 hybrid. The mean number of bivalents was 6.9 and that of univalents 19.5 in both cases. It can thus be assumed that A. cylindrica and T. aestivum carry a common genome /D/. The few chromosome breakages may indicate chromosome pairing difficulties or structural changes.
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