Effect of monocropped or intercropped legumes and cereals on succeeding maize and soybean monocrop
1989
Musa, Y.
Soil analysis for organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, and some macronutrients (P, K, Ca, and Mg) did not reveal significant differences among plots including control at any stage of production. However, significant differences among treatments were found for some crop characters indicating that previous croppings did have an immediate effect on the next seasons crop of maize and soybean. Maize and soybean in control plots had higher dry matter production (DMP), crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area index (LAI), and specific leaf weight (SLW). Control plants also took shorter time to flower, tassel, and silk, but were four days delayed in maturity, compared to plants grown in plots previously cropped and with residues. Grain yield of maize and soybean planted in control plots were also approximately 80 and 20% higher, respectively than those in plots previously cropped. Among previously cropped treatments maize planted after legume monocrop had highest DMP, CGR, NAR, LAI, and grain yield. In contrast, soybean planted after legume monocrop or intercrop had lower DMP, CGR, LAI, and grain yield than that planted after a previous cereal monocrop. This indicated that the effect of previous cropping and its residue was dependent on species of the previous and the succeeding crop, and planting of unrelated crops seemed more beneficial. Specifically, maize benefited more than soybean when planted after a legume crop. Effects of previous crops could already be demonstrated during the next cropping. Differences in yield and growth traits among treatments including control may possibly be due to individual or combined effects of residues, some soil properties which were undetermined in this study, and inorganic fertilizer.
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