[Effect of Biorend [YEA] on the agronomic characteristics and quality of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.), durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var durum) and Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack)]

The objective of this thesis was to corroborate the effects of four rates of Biorend, 0, 1050, 1575 and 2100 cm3 per 100 kg of seed, under three N levels, 100, 150 and 200 kg/ha, on yield and yield components, test-weight and protein content of four cultivars of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), four cultivars of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var durum) and two triticale genotypes (X Triticosecale Wittmack). The experiment was conducted under a split-plot design with four replications. Nitrogen significantly affected the number of spikes in durum wheat cultivars and partially in bread wheat cultivars and triticale genotypes, and increased the number of kernels per spike in bread wheat and partially in durum wheat. Biorend increased the number of spikes in all bread wheat cultivars and partially in the durum wheat cultivars. One triticale genotype presented increments in its number of kernels per spike. Rates of 1050 and 2100 cm3 induced the greater effects on the number of spikes and in the number of kernels per spike, respectively. Nitrogen increased grain yield in 14 and 21% in bread wheat, 17 and 31% in durum wheat with 150 and 200 kg/ha rates as compared with 100 kg/ha. Triticale did not show reset significantly to this nutrient. Biorend induced generalized and consistent effects on yield. Bread wheat increased 5, 6 and 8%, durum wheat 4, 4 and 2%, and triticale 9, 12 and 11%, with 1050, 1575 and 2100 cm3 per 100 kg of seed, respectively. The combination of N and Biorend associated with the highest yield in bread and durum wheat was 200 kg/ha of N and 2100 and 1575 cm3 of Biorend, respectively. In triticale, 100 kg/ha of N and 1575 cm3 of Biorend. N produced a tendency towards an increase in protein content of 2,6, 10,2 and 9,2% in bread wheat, durum wheat and triticale, respectively, Biorend did not cause consistent changes in protein or in test-weight