Growth and yields in bergamot mint under the conditions of South Moravia
1992
Vrzalova, J. | Felklova, M. (Vysoka Skola Zemedelska, Brno (CSFR))
Small-plot experiments with Mentha aquatica snow that this mint, abundantly grown in the USA and India and characterized by a fresh lavender scent, is suitable for the climatic conditions of South Moravia. It is frost-resistant, not susceptible to rust, and gives at least one yield in the first year of growing and two yields in the second year. The most intensive growth and dry matter formation occurs between the phase of branching and bud setting. Also leaf share is advantageous in this period. The greatest weight of the dry above-ground part is reached at the beginning of flowering, and according to the age of stand, makes 3.96-4.21 kg/10m2 in leaves and 7.43-8.59 kg/10m2 in tops. The content of essential oils reaches a maximum in both the first and the second years of vegetation in the phase of inflorescence formation, namely 2.4-2.5 % in leaves and 1.4-1.5 % in tops. Maximum production of essential oils from leaves is 94.8 g/10m2, from tops 100.4 g/10m2. The phase of inflorescence formation and bud setting is the best term for harvesting. High yield of the dry above-ground portion with a high leaf share is reached and the yield of essential oils on unit of area comes to a maximum. This term enables good overwintering of the stand and its regeneration for the second harvest. In case of utilization of the essential oil for cosmetic purposes, bergamot mint is a good source of raw material and easier to be cultivated than, for instance, Lavandula angustifolia.
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