Effect of water stress on growth and yield of two mungbean varieties (Vigna radiata L.)
1991
Hutami, S. | Ahlan, M. | Nunung, Z. | Hastuti, R.D. (Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pangan, Bogor (Indonesia))
Farmer usually planted mungbean after rice or in dry season. Inadequate soil water or excessive transpiration rate are the most common constraints because of the frictional resistance to water flow through roots and stems. A pot experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Green House of BORIF (Bogor Research Institute for Food Crops) from October 1988 to January 1989. A split-plot design with 5 replications was used for the main experiment up to seed yield, and other 6 replications were used for growth analysis which were harvested at 26, 40 and 48 days after planting. Two varieties (Walet and Betet) were used as main plot. The sub plot treatments were 5 levels of water stress conditions: 1) No water stress (soil moisture at 90 percent of field capacity), 2) Seven days water stress condition (50 percent field cap. of soil moisture) imposed at two trifoliolate stage, 3) Seven days water stress imposed at first flowering stage, 4) Seven days water stress imposed at pod filling period; and 5) Stress through the growing season. The results showed that there were interaction effects of water stress and mungbean varieties on plant height at 26 days after planting and at harvesting, number of pods, number of seed and seed weight. Seven days stress condition imposed at two trifoliolate stage reduced leaf area of Walet variety, increased specific leaf weight of Walet and Betet varieties, and decreased root length and nodule dry weight at flowering time. Seven days water stress imposed at first flowering reduced plants height of Walet and Betet var., leaf area and number seed of Betet var., and seed weight of Walet var. Seven days water stress imposed at pod filling period reduced leaf dry weight of Walet var., root dry weight of Walet and Betet var., and nodule dry weight of Walet var. Stress throughout the growing season significantly decreased yield and yield components of mungbean. Compared to Walet variety, Betet was more tolerant to water stress imposed.
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