In vitro response of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) to 6-benzylaminopurine, kinetin, 2-isopentenyladenine, 1-napthaleneacetic acid and mannitol
1991
Patena, L.F. | dela Rosa, B.A. | Rosario, T.L. (Philippines Univ., Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Inst. of Plant Breeding)
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) and shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) strains from Indonesia, Laos, Thailand and the Philippines were established in vitro using 4-6 mm shoot tip explants excised from surface-sterilized mature bulbs. For the initial establishment of culture in vitro, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 4 mg/L induced longer and more vigorous shoots using Murashige and Skoogs' (MS) medium. Using R medium (Patena, et.al., 1978), no significant difference was observed. For induction of axilliary shoots, results showed that 1-napthaleneacetic (NAA) - cytokinin combination was required and that the cytokinin requirement for garlic and shallot differed. NAA at 0.5 mg/L in combination with either 1-2 mg/L2-isopentenyladenine (2-iP) for garlic or 2.0 mg/L BAP for shallot induced the formation of axillary shoots. NAA-kinetin (Ki) combination was not effective in garlic while in shallot, it was less effective than NAA-BAP combination. Subculture of shoots was limited to three passages, afterwhich the culture became vitrified, died or formed bulb in vitro (e.g. shallot strain 'Kuning' and garlic strain LV1020 from Indonesia). Subculturing was done every three weeks because of rapid elongation of the leaves. Mannitol added to the medium effectively controlled the rapid growth of leaves and thus minimized subculturing.
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