An effective triticale manipulation system: problems and uses
1991
Gustafson, J.P. | Bittel, D.C. (USDA Agricultural Research Service. University of Missouri, Columbia MO (USA). Depto of Agronomy)
A system for manipulating genes into triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) is in use around the world, and has conferred valuable agronomic characters to the newer triticale varieties. Unfortunately, when one manipulates genomes and chromosomes in wide-crossing programs, the alien chromosomes containing desirable genes can also harbor deleterious genes that interact with those of wheat. At present, classical wide-cross selection procedures appear to be adequate for the continued isolation of desirable alien genes. However, these procedures have not generally met with favor because they require the use of manipulations not generally suitable for the average breeding program. With new techniques (i.e. C-banding, isozymes, and DNA probes) supplying additional markers, it has become possible to detect and monitor alien transfers in less time and, in some cases, without the need for cytology. An additional disadvantage to wide-crosses between wheat and rye comes from the sometimes unpredictable expression of rye gene complexes in wheat. The future of alien gene manipulation in triticale and wheat can be improved by a better understanding of the mechanisms that govern the expression of these alien genes. If the problems of manipulating gene expression can be understood, expansion in the use of triticale for agronomic improvement will be possible
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