Allelopathic effects of selected weeds on upland rice
1990
Arjulis, R.
Many weed species and crop plants have been known for their allelopathic effects. A study was conducted in glasshouse to determine the allelophatic effect of weeds on germination, growth and yield of upland rice. Fourteen predominant weed species found at Sitiung and Rambatan were used. Water extracts of dried residues take from plant top were applied as treatment on Danau Laut Tawar variety. Large crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris (L.) Scop.) and bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) reduced germination of upland rice. Goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn), Paspalum scrobiculatum L., bermudagrass, and milkweed (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) caused abnormal seedling. Sinedrella nodiflora inhibited leaf elongation. Milkweed, goatweed (Ageratum conyzoides L.), Sinedrella nodiflora, Calopogonium muconoides Desv. and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.) inhibited root elongation. Milkweed, purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) and C. muconoides increased bare grain. Buttonweed (Borreria alata (Lam.) Griseb) and bermudagrass decreased 1000 grain weight and stimulated straw production. Axonopus compressus, C. muconoides, milkweed, P. scrobiculatum, cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) beauv), goosegrass and bermudagrass reduced yield of upland rice by 42, 40, 36, 35, 34, 32 and 40 percent, respectively. The results suggested that allelochemical might have presented in biomass water extract of the weeds. These might have affected the growth of upland rice
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