Analysis on types and properties of laterite in Sakon Nakhon Basin, Northeast Thailand
1989
Pratueng Chintaskul
All lateritic soil profiles in the study have been developed on wash deposits or alluvium in the upper part and residual materials derived from siltstone, sandstone or shale in the lower part. These lateritic soil profiles can be classified into two groups based on their stage of laterization. Profiles in Ban Du, Ban Phu and Tha Rae show a mature stage of laterization whereas Tha Bo and Nong Kae profiles show an old stage of development. Main portion (lower part) of the profiles in the mature group has been formed mainly by weathering of the parent rocks. They have some high activity clay (i.e. illite) in the fine earths in moderate amount. In the old stage lateritic soil profiles, the amount of high activity clays (illite, smectites or vermiculite) in the fine earths is low or very low. Agricultural potential of these lateritic soils is low. The Ban Phu lateritic soils should be used for pasture or growing tree crops based on their well drained characteristics and low degree of laterite compaction. The Tha Bo lateritic soils should not be directly used for agricultural production due to presence of abundant lateritic gravels in the soil at shallow depths. Soils should be left under forest condition for forest by-products. Would need the least effort in soil management for agriculture. Nong Kae and Tha Rae types can be used for paddy rice cultivation since they occupy flat land and water storage in cropping season is feasible on these soils. They can also be used for pasture but land development needs to be done to improve their suitability for pasture land.
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