Performance of single and double cross autotetraploid maize hybrids at two locations
1995
Hajosne Novak, M. (Godolloi Agrartud. Egyet., Godollo (Hungary)) | Gyulavari, O. (Gabonatermesztesi Kutatoint., Taplanszentkereszt (Hungary))
Autotetraploid theory suggests that double crosses (DC) should outperform single crosses (SC) if the parents of the SCs are inbred. To evaluate the importance of this theory, experiments using autotetraploid maize were designed to determine the relative performance of 4N SCs and DCs from parents with different levels of inbreeding. S10 and S16 tetraploid corn inbred lines of Syn B early, W117 4N and Wf9 4N origin were crossed to produce tetraploid SC and DC corn hybrids. Fifteen 4N single and fifteen 4N double-crosses were sown in 1993 at two locations and compared for the midsilking date, the seed moisture content at harvest, the shelling percentage and the yield per plot. The performance of double-cross hybrids was predicted on the basis of the performance of nonparental SCs by the method of Jenkins (1934). The 4N DCs significantly outyielded SCs at both locations (by 13 in Godollo (Hungary) and by 48 in Taplanszentkereszt (Hungary)). The highest yield was achieved by the (AXD) - (CXB) hybrid at both locations (5.4 and 8.5 t/ha). This hybrid contains three 4N inbred lines originating from the Syn B. early. Our results agreed with the theory in that for most traits DCs outperformed SCs, even when S10 and S16 tetraploid inbred lines were used to form hybrids
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