Microenvironment, disease development and yield interaction in rice-corn monocropping and intercropping systems
1993
Paulican, M.S.M. | Baldos, D.P. (Central Mindanao Univ., Musuan, Bukidnon (Philippines). Dept. of Agronomy)
This study was conducted at Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Bukidnon [Philippines] from May to October, 1991 in order to characterize the microenvironment of a rice-corn intercropping systems, and to determine the relation of some microenvironmental parameters with disease development and disease severity. Daily field temperatures (soil and air) were reduced by rice + corn intercropping. A lower air temperature profile with higher relative humidity resulted from intercropping, and it is more conservative of soil moisture than the monoculture. Incidence of major diseases like rice blast was lesser in magnitude and less severe in the intercrop compared to monoculture on the later stages of crop growth. Downy mildew in corn increased with time with higher incidence in monoculture compared to the intercrop. Planting late in the wet season with the early onset of disease produced higher disease incidence levels. Incidence and severity of rice blast were found higher with lower day time Rh, air temperature, and soil temperature while downy mildew increased with lower air temperature. There was little variation in yield and yield components in intercropping and monocropping. Increase in rice blast incidence reduced the yield by as much as 17.76 percent with a delay in planting (June 15). With downy mildew infection, greater plant density in monoculture had yield advantage over intercropping. Intercropping rice with corn in the upland creates a better system of utilizing space, moisture, light, and suitable soil and air temperature
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