[Influence of temperature on immature stages of egg and pupa of Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae). Thresholds, development speed, thermal constants and mortality]
1996
Putruele de Suapr, M.T.G.
C. capitata Wied. is one of the most noxious phytophagous insects whose larvae show high polyphagia, and can develop on the fruit of about two hundred and fifty crop plant species, causing severe economic damage. Citrus are among the host fruits. The ability to predict exactly the time of development of their different biologic stages in the field is a relevant factor in the management of this pest. Several models were used to diagnose it by simulating a temperature on which a certain development stage depends. The development rate and the mortality rate of the immature stages of the C. capitata, egg and pupa, were established at constant temperatures with intervals of 2 degrees centigrades until reaching zero development for high and low temperatures. The pupal stage of C. capitata has a smaller interval of temperatures for its development than the egg stage, and it is more influenced by the abiotic temperature factor. However, its resistance to low temperatures enables its development in temperate climate areas, and its tolerance to high temperatures allows development in tropical and subtropical climates. Our results allow us to know the optimum development egg and pupal stages of C. capitata. This is useful for the optimisation of the conditions of mass rearing in the application of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), particularly in order to slow down or accelerate production according to demand. On the other hand, it allows to predict the possibility of development in a certain area and to establish its behaviour by temperature, identifying its development and survival rates through the models put forward
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