Survival of spruce cuttings selected for the immission zone of Spis (North-Eastern Slovakia) tested in the field at Krompachy
1994
Liptak, S. (Lesny Zavod, Sarisske Michalany (Slovakia). Skolkarske Stredisko)
The field test site Telengy at Krompachy was established in 1990. Two hundred and eighty-nine four-year-old trees representing the most promising spruce clones were planted at a spacing of 1.5 x 1.5 m. Each clone was originally represented by approximately 4 plants. The field test was enlarged in 1991, 1992 and 1993, using cuttings collected in 1988, 1989 and 1990. Each individual was tagged and recorded in the geometrical scheme. In the spring of 1994, the height growth of trees planted in 1990 was evaluated. The average height was 50.8 cm with an annual increment of 9.52 cm. In addition, the percentage of green (71 %), discolored (21 %), and dead trees (23 trees or 8 %) was recorded. Plagiotropic growth was observed in 14 individuals. 19 trees had forked stems and 67 had normal habitus. Regarding the quality of stem, sabre growth was observed in 41, a slightly curved stem in 50 and a straight stem in 1 individual. Taking all these characteristics, 28 (38 %) out of 72 evaluated clones are vital, of satisfactory quality, and able to provide secondary cuttings for further propagation. Aerial immissions (concentration of dust was 1.087 g m** (-3) in 1993, including 0.431 micro g of pure lead, 0.246 micro g of copper and 0.074 micro g of arsenic). The content of arsenic (121.5 mg kg** (-1)), copper (278.3 mg kg** (-1)) and lead (69.5 mg kg** (-1)) in the upper soil layer (measured in 1994) substantially overstep all existing norms in the testing area. A deposition of arsenic in the soil even exceeds the limit for the immission zone C. Despite this, results demonstrate the possibility of successful cultivation of young spruce cuttings under these unfavorable conditions.
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