Exposure assessment for pesticides: operators and harvesters risk evaluation and risk management
1997
Hemmen, J.J. van | Brouwer, D.H. (TNO Nutrition and Food Research Inst., Zeist (Netherlands). Dept. of Occupational Toxicology)
Exposure assessment is an integral part of risk assessment processes which are required under the European Directive 91/414/EC (on the putting on the market of plant protection products). Crop protection is done in various ways by applying the plant protection products (pesticide formulations) to the crop or in enclosed spaces. Harvesting of a crop may lead to transfer of the pesticide residue from the foliage to the skin of the workers. To account for the possible harmful aspects, the exposure during these activities can either be assessed by experimental field studies for specific crops and tasks, or by using predictive exposure models. Within the European framework of the Directive these models are developed and harmonised. The present status of EUROPOEM (European Predictive Operator Exposure Model) and other models is discussed, together with its implications for risk assessment and risk management.
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