Control of fusarium scab: Biochemical, genetic, and ecological mechanisms
1997
Klechkovskaya,H.A. | Adamovskaya, V.G. | Litvinenko, N.A. | Ignatova, S.A. | Makhnovskaya, M.L. | Khokhlov, A.N. | Karpuk, Y.N. (Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute, Odessa (Ukraine)) | Wolf, G.A. (Plant Pathology and Plant Protection Institute, Gottingen (Germany))
The Fusarium spp. population is not homogeneous in southwestern Ukraine. Fungi with high pathogenicity account for 20 percent of the population. Pathogenic strains of Fusarium spp. show mainly high levels of xylanase activity. It was observed that high general hydrolase activity in an infected plant correlates with resistance to Fusarium infection. Resistant wheat varieties were also characterized by an abundance of fructose at sites of pathogen penetration. It was observed that resistant plants infected by Fusarium spp. actually neutralize the high proteolytic activity of the parasite by increasing their trypsin inhibitor content. Methods of transgressive and intravarietal selection of resistant wheat varieties were most productive. Intravarietal composition played the key role in variety resistance and tolerance. The susceptible:resistant:mycotrophic lines ratio of the resistant variety corresponds to the high- pathogenic:middle-pathogenic:nonpathogenic strains ratio of the Fusarium spp. population in the cultivated region. Only varieties that include lines with the whole possible spectrum of reactions to contrasting Fusarium strains can provide agrocenosis stability.
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