Some observation on the biology of citrus butterfly, Papilio demoleus L. adults
1996
Rafi, M.A. | Matin, M.A. | Hashmi, A.A. (National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad (Pakistan). Integrated Pest Management Inst.)
Pre-mating, mating and pre-oviposition periods, duration of oviposition and the number of eggs laid per female of citrus butterfly, Papilio demoleus L. were studied in the barani ecology of Pakistan, Pairs of newly emerged butterflies were released, in sequence, into the field cages, each cage covering a single young citrus plant. Pre-mating period in newly emerged adults varied from 6 to 12 hours. The mean mating period was 36.6 + 19.2 min. with maximum and minimum of 65 and 19 min. respectively. Pre-oviposition period was 1-2 days with a mean of 31 hours. The duration of oviposition lasted 1.5 to 2.5 days with a mean of 2 days. Number of eggs laid by a single female varied from 10 to 45 eggs with a mean of 26.8 plus minus 13.4. Oviposition took place during the day light mostly in between 9 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. Incubation period ranges 1.5 days in summer and 4-5 days in winter.
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