Genetic resources of hemp [Yugoslavia]
1997
Berenji, I. | Kisgeci, J. | Sikora, V. (Naucni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Yugoslavia))
Hemp is one of the oldest cultivated crops which has being experiencing its renaissance. The reasons are mostly ecological: a tendency of getting back to nature, to biodegradable substances, protection of human environment as well as diversification of agriculture. Apart from the well known classical ways of using hemp, such as twine, rope and textile, some new modern products are based on hemp like paper, oil, food and pharmaceuticals. The contemporary requirements regarding hemp make it necessary to improve the crop by breeding new cultivars, the success of which depending on genetic resources properly saved and studied. In this respect the Institute VIR in Saint Petersburg (Russia) collection, consisting of 397 accessions from 16 countries including 39 from former Yugoslavia, is of special importance. This world collection is being revitalized. The commertial cultivars, 39 of which originating from 10 European countries, are of vital importance. The hemp genetic resources mentioned exhibit significant variation of quantitative and qualitative traits (monoecious and dioecos, mutations, fiber content, THC content, etc.). This genetic resources are intensely studied, used and maintained by plant breeders.
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