Production of microbial pesticide in submerged and in solid state fermentations
1999
Shoda, M. (Tokyo Inst. of Technology, Yokohama (Japan). Research Lab. of Resources Utilization)
Bacillus subtilis we isolated exhibited a broad suppressive spectrum to various plant pathogens mainly by producing lipopeptide antibiotic, iturin A. When B. subtilis was cultivated in submerged fermentation (SMF), the condensation of iturin A in the foam was found and continuous separation of iturin A from the culture broth was performed in a jar fermentor. When this bacterium was grown in solid state fermentation (SSF) of soy bean curd residue, the productivity of iturin A in SSF was about 10 times higher than that in SMF. The culture broth in SMF and the product in SSF were effective to suppress plant disease of damping-off of tomato caused by Rhizoctonia solani in pot tests. This proved that B. subtilis is a potential biological control agent to replace chemical pesticides. By converting organic wastes from food industries by the bacterium to organic fertilizer that has a function of biological pesticide, effective recycling of organic wastes will be possible.
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