Epidemiology of diseases of banana (Musa acuminata Colla) in monocropping and multicropping systems and cultural management of Moko disease
1999
Umadhay, K.M.L.
The temporal and spatial development of major diseases of banana were determined in monocropping and multicropping systems. Temporal development was determined by computing the infection rate by Sigatoka, bunchy top, Moko, and Fusarium wilt using Vander Plank's model for monocyclic and polycyclic disease. For spatial development, the actual locations of the diseased plants infected with bunchy top and moko were mapped and used in variogram analysis. No significant difference was observed between the two cropping systems in terms of the temporal development of the diseases. However, based on variogram analysis, the spatial development of bunchy top and moko differed between the two cropping systems. A greater distance of spread was observed in the case of bunchy top in monocropping system. For Moko, a greater distance of spread was observed in the multicropping system than in the monocropping system. Three cultural practices were used to manage Moko disease. These were: burning the intact plant without fumigation, with fumigation, and chopping before burning without fumigation. All the cultural methods used were able to reduce the population of Ralstonia solanacearum to below detectable levels from the soil around the periphery of the infected plant. The spatial distribution of R. solanacearum was also determined by collecting soil samples at different distances which started from the edge of the plant and plated in modified SM-1 medium. Presence of R. solanacearum was found up to 61 cm away from the infected banana plant. The recommended cultural practice that will effectively control moko disease is burning the infected plant intact followed by exposure to sunlight
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