Development in the number of winter wheat plants depending on the fertilization and sowing rate
2000
Karabinova, M. | Pacuta, V. | Prochazkova, M. (Slovenska Polnohospodarska Univ., Nitra (Slovak Republic). Katedra Rastlinnej Vyroby)
In order to evaluate the influence of fertilization, sowing rate and weather conditions on the number of plants per area unit, and on the plant reduction there was in years 1994-1996 conducted a polyfactorial field trial with four winter wheat varieties (Blava, Regia, Sana and Vlada), four fertilization variants (a - nonfertilized control variant, b - lower fertilizer rate (48 kg nitrogen per hectare) + Microbion, c - rationalized fertilizer rate) and three sowing rates (l - 2.5 million germinable seeds per hectare, m - sowing rate according to breeder recommendations, n - 5.0 million germinable seeds per hectare). The total reduction in the number of plants (without regard on evaluated parameters) was 51.6%, reduction caused by non-germinated seeds was 30.6%, reduction caused by winter freezing injuries was 15.9%, and those caused by vernalization 19.0%. The share of evaluated parameters were as follows - year 18.3%, fertilization 8.1%, sowing rate 72.5% and varieties 17.3%. The most important influence in the number of plants development was determined by year and sowing rate (P0.01). The sowing rate recommended by breeder seems to be the optimal one according to the number of plants; this is for Regia, Sana and Vlada varieties about 5.5 million germinable seeds per hectare and for Blava variety 4.5 million germinable seeds per hectare. The fertilization level have effected the number of risen plants positively, but non-significantly; the number of plants before harvest was effected significantly to high-significantly by the fertilization level
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