Cytogenetic studies in interspecific hybridization of sunflower
1999
Atlagic, J. (Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Yugoslavia))
The development of cytogenetic research in sunflower went from cytology to cytogenetic-molecular research, via cytotaxonomy and classical cytogenetics. In parallel with this general development, cytogenetic research related to the use of interspecific hybrids in sunflower breeding has been developing as well. A large number of diverse species within the genus Helianthus ofters possibilities to sunflower breeders. On the other hand, the diversity and heterogeneity complicate the use of wild species in sunflower breeding ("cross" incompatibility, embryo abortiveness, sterility and reduced fertility of interspecific hybrids). Cytogenetic studies are helpful for detecting such occurrences as well as for overcoming them. Determination of chromosome number and structure, analysis of meiosis-microsporogenesis and pollen viability, allow the establishment of phylogenetic links between wild species and cultivated sunflower, which in turn makes the former applicable in breeding programs.
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