Development of European and Carpathian birch plantations stressed by air pollution in the mountains
2000
Balcar, V. ((Vyzkumny Ustav Lesniho Hospodarstvi a Myslivosti, Opocno (Czech Republic). Vyzkumna Stanice)
Development of birch plantations was investigated on research experimental series in the Jizerske hory Mts. The experimental area is located in mountain ridge at an altitude of 940-980 m a.s.l., and it is exposed to climatic stresses and air pollution load (sulphur wet deposition is about 40 kg/ha per year). European birch (Betula pendula) was planted 1990, 1992, 1993, Carpathian birch (Betula carpatica) 1993. First injury symptoms due to complex ecological stresses in European birch appeared in 1997 (11 % injured and dead trees), than in 1998 (17 %)and 1999 (87 %). Carpathian birch has been found much more tolerant. Numbers of injured and dead trees were: 1997 = 3 %, 1998 = 7 %, 1999 = 5 (%). Observation results confirm the importance of proper species choice, when birches are planted in the mountains.
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