Flowering and fruiting dynamics of chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers in wild and cultivated soybeans
1999
Miyashita, K. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture) | Matsuda, H. | Ohara, M. | Misawa, T. | Shimamoto, Y.
In order to understand the significance of chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers in wild (Glycine soja) and cultivated (G. max) soybeans, we investigated the dynamics of flowering, podding and fruiting of both flower types by careful daily observation. For the experiments, G. sojy seeds collected from two different wild populations were used, and five soybean cultivars were also selected. In both wild and cultivated soybeans, the plants produced the chasmogamous flowers first, and subsequently the cleistogamous flowers were observed. The total numbers of flowers produced per plant in G. soja were 4-16 times higher than those in G. max. However, most of the flowers observed in G. soja were cleistogamous flowers. By contrast, many chasmogamous flowers were observed in the cultivated soybeans. In spite of the low number of chasmogamous flowers produced, percentages of fruiting of the chasmogamous flowers were high, while the corresponding figures of the cleistogamous flowers were low. There was no notable differences in the numbers of ovules and seeds per pod between the flower types in both wild and cultivated soybeans. However, single seed weight of the chasmogamous flowers were heavier than those of the cleistogamous flowers
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