Solvent extraction of oil from pili skin-pulp (Canarium ovatum, Engl.)
1999
Bathan, E.M. (Philippines Univ. Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Dept. of Chemical Engineering)
Pili pulp was extracted using solvent and solvent mixtures using the process of solvent extraction to obtain oil. The test results indicate that hexane is effective in extracting oil from the pili skin-pulp. Amount of solvent used (sample to solvent ratio), number of siphoning as well as extraction time have significant effect on the amount of oil extracted. Increasing the amount of solvent used using the shaking method increased the amount of oil extracted. Extraction time is dependent on the siphoning rate using the Soxhlet Extractor. Increasing the number of siphoning as well as extraction time increases the amount of oil extracted. Varying the size of the particle used did not affect the extraction. The optimum amount of oil, 37.98% was achieved using 1:6 ratio, 0.0833 cm. particle size, and 90 minutes extraction time of the Soxhlet Extraction method. Physico-chemical characteristics of the pulp oil obtained have significant duration from the literature values except for the specific gravity and color appearance. The oil has lower free fatty acids (17.8 percent as Oleic), and Iodine value (68/6 g/100 g) but contains high peroxide value (214 meq/kg). Fatty acids contain caprylic, lauric and lenolenic acid which are not present in the literature composition. Gross Heating Value of the oil was calculated using the formula developed by the Institute of Gas Technology (Perry, 1997) and was found out to be 9, 693.38 cal/g. Comparing this to the heating value of diesel fuel oil and banker fuel, the study found out that the oil could be an alternative fuel
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