Rice production in Vietnam in the first decade of the 21st century: issues and challenges
2001
Bui Ba Bong (Cuu Long Delta Rice Research Inst., Omon, Cantho (Vietnam))
Vietnam has gained remarkable achievements in rice production during the last decade of the 20th century. The growth rate per year from 1990-1999 for rice area, yield and production was respectively, 2.65%, 2.89%, and 6.33%. The sum of milled rice exported during this period was 22 million tons. Factors responsible for these achievements were the expansion of irrigation systems and fast adoption of improved technologies in rice cultivation. In the coming years, to meet the increased food demand of the population (from 78 million at present to 98 million in 2010), rice production in Vietnam should be steadily increased around 2% per year under the circumstance of decreasing 0.3 million ha of rice land to be converted to other purposes. In addition, such as trend in increased rice production would ensure environment protection and improve welfare of rice farmers who have been in class of lowest income and constant poverty. To meet these challenges, Vietnam must carefully preserved rice land and concentrate on improving productivity of the rice crop and rice-based production system as a whole. More efforts will be made on the improvement of rice quality for export and on technology renovations to cope with adverse conditions such as flood, drought, salinity intrusion or acid sulfate conditions. Enhancement of the yield potential through variety improvement will be done in parallel with narrowing the yield gap in all ecosystems at present being 1-2 t/ha. The target is to increase one more ton of rice/ha nationwide by 2010 to achieve average yield of 5 t/ha that enables to sustain food security for the country and to continue export of 3-4 million tons of milled annually
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