Cone and seed characteristics of Cilican fir (Abies cilicica Carr.) in Turkey
2001
Keskin, S. | Sahir, M. (Southwest Anatolia Forest Research Inst. (SAFRI), PK:264, Antalya 07002 (Turkey)
Cone and seed characteristics of Cilican fir = Taurus fir (Abies cilicica Carr.) were studied by sampling the natural distribution of the species Turkey in 1993 and 1994. The natural distribution areas of the species were divided into three locations as western, middle and eastern ranges of Taurus Mountains. Each main range was divided into three elevation zones as low (1000-1250 m), middle (1250-1500 m) and high (above 1500 m) and one sample plot was taken from each, except western range, where two plots were taken. From each plot, 13 trees were sampled, first in 1993 and then in 1996 when the seed production was abundant. Phenological (pollen receptiveness of female flowers, pollen shedding, cone maturation) observations were carried out on the trees and 13 cones were collected from each one to determine cone and seed characteristics. Average cone length, diameter and cone weight were 166.7 mm, 48.2 mm and 199.6 g, respectively. Average seed length, seed width and thickness were 14.98 mm, 7.24 mm, 4.48 mm, respectively. The average weight of 1000 seeds was 191.47 gram. The percentage of sound seed ranged from 25% to 84% for the elevational zones. Average cone number for each tree was 76, and average seed number per cone was 303. Stratification of + 4 deg C temperature increased germination rates by 19% on 63rd day and by 12% on 84th day. There were significant differences in most cone and seed characteristics between the regions, elevational zones, years and subspecies
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