Chemical structure of teliospores causal agents of wheat bunt [Tilletia spp.]
2000
Stojanovic, S. (Institut za istrazivanja u poljoprivredi "Srbija", Kragujevac (Serbia and Montenegro). Centar za strna zita)
Since 1992 kernel bunt has become actual wheat disease in Serbia (Serbia&Montenegro) again. So far, the species Tilletia tritici and Tilletia laevis were reported as the causal agents of bunt, but it was suggested that Tilletia controversa occurred, too.In this paper the content of macroelements (N,P,K,Ca, Mg and Na) and microelements (Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Zn, Li, Ba, Sr, Cr, and As) in the teliospores, healthy grain and diseased grain (teliospores + seed coat) was determined. The goal of this investigation is to search for a possibility to indentify bunt on the basis of mineral element content, as it was shown in the paper of Liu et all, 1982. The obtained results showed that the macroelements occurred most in the teliospores were the following ones: nitrogen (32100 microgram/g), and potassium (8530 microgram/g), then phosphorus (3870 microgram/g), magnesium (2124 microgram/g), calcium (1301 microgram/g) and sodium (72 microgram/g). Very low values of microelements were recorded (Co and Cr 0.1 microgram/g, As 0.053 microgram/g, Li 0.12 microgram/g, and Ni 1.8 microgram/g). Of this group of elements, Fe (69.4 microgram/g), Zn (48.0 microgram/g), Mn (46.1 microgram/g), Cu (10.8 microgram/g) and Ba (6.2 microgram/g) occurred most. The content of mineral elements in healthy grain corresponded to literature data. The total content of the investigated elements was higher in the teliospores than in healthy grain of wheat, the ratio of which was as the same as the ratio between the mass of 1000 grains and a healthy and diseased grain. It proved that mycelia of the parasite contained all the amounts of mineral elements which were distributed from vegetative organs to grain. Based on the content of chemical elements it cannot be concluded which species the investigated teliospores originated from.
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