Evaluation of heterosis for grain yield and some agronomic characters in maize hybrids between parents of diverse genetic origin
2003
Mehmood, A. | Saleem, M. | Khabir, A. (NWFP Agricultural Univ., Peshawar (Pakistan). Dept. of Plant Breeding and Genetics)
Field evaluation of maize hybrids developed from local and exotic germplasm showed that H10 (SY 25-2 x CML 288-10 X CML-66 x PAR 899 bulk) yielded 5.368 ton/ha, exhibiting 2% increase in yield over the standard multinational single cross hybrid (C919) used as check. Results indicated that crosses between parents from different adaptation groups gave higher hybrid vigour for grain yield. Godshalk and Kauffmann (1995) report similar results. Maximum 1000 kernel weight (302 g) was recorded for hybrid H6 (CML-66 x SW 10-1 X CML-127 x FR 239y) which showed 12% increase over improved check variety Kissan. This may be due to the bolder grains produced by the hybrid. Wang et al (1997) suggest that hybrid yield can be increased by improving 1000 grain weight, kernel rows/ear and the relationship between these characters. Minimum number of days (54) to mid-silking were shown by H6 (CML-66 x SW 10-1 X CML-127 x FR 239 y), H8 (Az 21-1 x Sh 2-3 X K 305 x SW 10-1) and H9 (CML-42 x SY 8-2 X Mo 17 w x SW 10-1) while check hybrids were the latest maturing. High yielding hybrids also had desirable plant heights (142-168 cm) and were similar in maturity. Maximum ear height (77 cm) was observed for hybrid H7 (SY 25-2 x B 73 y X CML-127 x FR 239 y) and minimum ear height (37 cm) was recorded for hybrid H1 (K 305x SY 25-2 X Mo 17w x B73y). Maximum plants lodged (4%) were noted for hybrid H4 (CML 127 x PAR 899 bulk X CML- 66 x SW 10-1) while hundred percent standability was shown by hybrid H6 (CML- 66 x SW 10-1 X CM L-127 x FR 239 y). H4 exhibited the best husk cover value of 1 on a scale 1-5. H7 was recorded as prolific (5%) among the test hybrids while H,4 and H6 exhibited 2% prolificacy. Results suggest that hybrid H10 may be used as commercial hybrid for Peshawar valley.
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