Pathological findings in swine in association with fumonisin contaminated feed
1998
Tuangthong Patchimasiri | Achariya Sailasuta | Khampee Kortheerakul (Department of Livestock Development., Bangkok (Thailand). National Institute of Animal Health)
Twelve 3-4 month-old fattening pigs were necropsied. They were obtained from a swine finisher farm of 3000 pigs where morbidity and mortality rates were 30 percent and 5-12 percent respectively. The clinical signs consisted of depression, hyperpnea, sternal recumbenlcy and icterus. No response to antibiotic treatment was observed. The macroscopic findings were pale, edematous lungs, hydrothorax, fibrinous pleuritis and pericarditis (with adhesions) and a pale, yellowish liver. Microscopic findings exhibited liver, pancreatic and lung damage. The liver was characterized by single cell necrosis (4/12), angular degenerating hepatocytes (12/12), mild vacuolation (8/12), binucleated hepatocytes (12/12), multinucleated hepatocytes (5/12), hepatomegalocytosis (11/12), centriolobular depletion (4/12), periolobular fibrosis (5/12), and disorganized hepatic cords (9/12). Pancreatic acinar cell degeneration (7/12) was observed in pancreas. Furthermore, pulmonary edema characterized by interlobular edema (8/12), alveolar edema (11/12), interstitial edema (5/12) with pneumonia (11/12) was demonstrated in lungs. Mycotoxin analysis of the feed by ELISA showed 0.3-5.2 ppm of total fumonisins and 19.1-60.5 ppb of total aflotoxins. E. coli (3/12) and Salmonella group B (1/12) were isolated from necropsied tissues but no virus infection was detected. The marked pathological changes in liver, pancreas, and lung with the detection of fumonisin in feed suggested that fumonisin toxicosis could be a primary cause and the disease was further aggravated by aflatoxicosis and bacterial complications. This is the first report of pathological changes in swine in Thailand which was related to fumonisin toxicosis.
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