Breeding of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety Khao Dawk Mali 105 through multiple shoot induction and gamma irradiation
1994
Prapa Sripichitt | Onanong Naivikul | Witthaya Saengkaewsook (Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Dept. of Agronomy)
Breeding of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML 105) for photoperiod insensitivity, short culm, high yielding, good cooking and eating quality of grains was conducted by using in vitro multiple shoot induction and gamma irradiation. The 357 M1R1 rice plants derived from multiple shoots which were induced from embryos irradiated with various doses of gamma radiation (0-36 krad). The M1R1 plants varied for the number of days to flowering, plant height, number of tillers and panicles per plant, seed fertility and lodging. The 1,108 M2R2 progenies showed photoperiod insensitivity, however the selection for other desirable agronomic characters could not be make due to the progenies which were infected by yellow orange leaf disease. The seeds were harvested from total 371 M2R2 plants which could produce seeds. In M3R3 progenies, selection was made for photoperiod insensitivity, short culm, high tillering, and erect plant type. Ninety-five M3R3 plants were selected. The M4R4 progenies responded to short daylength which indicated that they were weakly photoperiod sensitive. The selection was made only for desirable agronomic characters. Thirty-one M4R4 lines were screened. The selection of M5R5 progenies was made by considering both good agronomic characters and good cooking and eating quality of grains. Four M5R5 lines were selected which possessed weakly photoperiod sensitivity, short culm, moderately tillering, erect plant type, good cooking and eating quality of grain with aroma. These lines will be utilized for further breeding of aromatic rice variety KDML 105 for photoperiod insensitivity.
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