Structural geology and soil on river levee of Chao PHraya river
1999
Adisak Phopan (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Agricultural Technology. Dept. of Soil Science)
Chao Phraya river, which is located in the centre of the Cental Plain Thailand, is the main resource for agriculture, irrigation, transportation, culture and socio-economic of the local people. In the recent year, the land on both river banks was extremely used and has been in conflict. While, river bank erosion is emerging over competing demand of land. In addition, the sediments from eroded area are deposited downstream and reduced river flow velocity. This is leading to an unstable of river bed and changeable direction flow of the river. The study was set up for determining and assessing structural geology and soil on levee of Chao Phraya river. The aerialphoto, topographic and geological maps were analysed. The result showed that the structural geology of the area was classified into 2 zones 1) the nothern zone located between Muang district, Nakhon Sawan province and Muang district, Chainart province. In this zone, the river pattern and direction flow were controlled by fold and fault structure. 2) the southern zone located between Muang district, Chainart province and Muang district Ayutthaya province. In this zone, the river was dissected on the daltaic plain and produced wide distributive channels. The 4 soil profiles on river levee were studied in detail to determine the partical size distribution. The result showed that the soil on the northern zone is mostly of Tha Muang soil series (Typic Ustifluvents; loamy mixed, non-acid). The texture is loam and interbedded interruption by sand. The sand interbedded interruption horizon was 20-30 cm wide and identified between the depth of 2.0-3.5 m. The river banks in this area are severely eroded. While the soil on the southern zone is mostly of Sanphaya soil series (Aquic Ustifluvents; loamy mixed, non-acid). The texture throughout the profiles is silt loam or finer texture. The erosion of river banks in this area is still found in a narrow strip form.
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