Using electrons in seed production
Marinkovic, B.(Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia and Montenegro)) | Roeder, O. | Schaller, H.J. | Goetz, F. | Bosnjakovic, A.
A large number of chemicals are used in the form of powder, liquid or gas to treat seeds against causal agents of plant diseases. All of them, however, have been the subject of criticism because of the possible development of resistant pathogen strains, extensive environmental pollution, and great health risks to those who handle the seeds. Recently, an environmentally friendly procedure called e-treatment has been developed as an alternative to chemical treatment. The e in the name refers to low-energy electrons. This technique is especially advantageous because of its compatibility with integrated plant protection systems. E-treatment was introduced in 1995 by means of various facilities. In the past few years, more than 30,000 and 40,000 dt of seed were treated using the procedure in Germany and Serbia and Montenegro, respectively. Simultaneously, dozens of experiments were performed both in Germany and domestically. The experiments produced the following results: In Germany e-treatments increased wheat yields by 100 kg/ha relative to chemical treatments, while in our country the increase was 220 kg/ha. With maize and sunflower, the yields increased by 490 and 60 kg/ha, respectively. This type of treatment also imporved field emergence relative to chemically sprayed seeds by 1-7 when the seeds were infected with Fusarium and Septoris.
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