Annual changes of water balance and a drought index in a tropical peat swamp forest of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
2002
Takahashi, H. | Ibie, B.F. | Usup, A. | Yudha (Hokkaido University, Sapporo (Japan))) | Shimada, S. | Limin, S.H.
Hydrological information, such as water balance, ground water level and soil moisture are very important not only for plant ecology but also for the estimation of wild fire disasters in a tropical peat swamp forest. Ground water level in a tropical peat swamp forest was measured over a period of 7 years from 1993 near Palangka Raya in the upper catchment of the Sebangau River, Central Kalimantan. The ground water level in the forest was between 10 cm below and 20 cm above the ground during the rainy seasons and 98 cm below the ground surface during dry season in 1997. Evapotranspiration (Et) was estimated from the diurnal changes of ground water level and a dry-wet index R/Et ration was calculated from Et and rainfall (R). Annual changes of the R/Et ratio showed clearly the wet and dry conditions in a tropical peat swamp forest in the catchment of the Sebangau River. The R/Et ratio for Sampit was also calculated using a long-term record of rainfall available for that city from 1903 to 1968. The annual changes of the R/Et ratio in both Palangka Raya and Sampit shows that the drought in 1997 was the most serious of the 20th century
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