Characteristic of introduced large seed groundnut

Inglés. Large-seeded confectionery groundnut is one type that is widely distributed among groundnut producer countries, in spite of that the one that is widely grown in Indonesia is small-to-medium seed size. To increase the groundnut product variability in Indonesia, RILET has introduced large-seeded confectionery lines from ICRISAT India. Two sets of groundnut confectionery lines, each containing 15 lines, were evaluated on rainfed dry land at Muneng Research Instalation, Probolinggo during the 1995 dry season (set 1) and the dry season of 1998 (set 2). The lines were arranged in a 4 x 4 triple lattice. Mahesa was used as the check variety. Each line was planted in 1.6 m x 5 m plot size, spaced at 40 cm between rows and 10 cm with rows, 1 plant/hill. Basal fertilizers were applied at a rate of 23 kg N + 50 kg K2O + 46 kg/ha P2O5 per hectare. Multivariate analysis followed by cluster and principal component analyses were applied to the observed data. In general the pod yield average of the introduced confectionery lines was higher compared to the local standard variety, Mahesa. The confectionery lines are characterized with larger seed size (58.2-108.9 g/100 seeds) compared to Mahesa seed size (51.6 g/100 seeds). Compared to Mahesa, most of the lines has higher shelling percentage but lower sound mature kernel percentage. As many as 16 lines produced higher pod yields compare to Mahesa among those lines six genotypes, i.e. ICGV's 92151, 93030, 93057, 92173, 93041, and 94222, gave pod yield more than 3.0 t/ha. Among those high pod yielder, ICGV's 90173, 90208, 90212, and 91099 have seed appearance and uniformity (SAU) comparable to Mahesa, and two lines, i.e. ICGV's 92173 and 94222 have SAU better than Mahesa. Most of the lines showed higher resistance to rust and leaf spot disease compared to that of Mahesa

Indonesio. Kacang tanah untuk industri (confectionery) berukuran biji besar (jumbo) telah berkembang pesat di negara-negara produsen kacang tanah, namun di Indonesia yang berkembang adalah kacang tanah berbiji kecil hingga sedang. Prospek adaptasi dan akseptasi kacang tanah jumbo di Indonesia perlu dikaji menghadapi pasar bebas. Dua set kacang jumbo asal ICRISAT, India, masing-masing terdiri dari 15 genotipe dievaluasi hasil dan mutu bijinya di Inlitkabi Muneng, Probolinggo pada musim kering 1995 (set 1) dan musim kering 1998 (set 2). Digunakan rancangan latis 4 x 4, tiga ulangan. Varietas Mahesa digunakan sebagai varietas pembanding. Setiap genotipe ditanam dalam plot ukuran 1,6 x 5 m jarak tanam 40 cm x 10 cm, 1 tanaman/lubang tanam. Pupuk 23 kg N + 50 kg K2O + 46 kg P2O5 per hektar diberikan pada saat tanam. Analisa data sidik peubah ganda dilanjutkan pembandingan nilai tengah menggunakan Scott dan Knott (1974) dan sidik komponen utama. Semua kacang jumbo yang diuji mempunyai ukuran biji yang lebih besar (58,2-108,9 g/100 biji) dibandingkan ukuran biji varietas Mahesa (51,6 g/100 biji). Kacang jumbo rata-rata mempunyai rendemen biji/polong lebih tinggi dibandingkan Mahesa, namun tidak ada satupun genotipe yang mempunyai rendemen biji baik lebih tinggi dibandingkan Mahesa. Sebanyak 16 genotipe kacang jumbo memberikan hasil polong lebih tinggi dibandingkan Mahesa, enam genotipe diantaranya, yaitu ICGV 92151, 93030, 93057, 92173, 93041, dan 94222, memberikan hasil polong di atas 3,0 t/ha. Diantara genotipe berdaya hasil tinggi tersebut ICGV 90173, 90208, 90212, dan 91099 mempunyai keseragaman dan kenampakan biji (SAU) sama dengan Mahesa dan ICGV 92173 dan 94222 yang mempunyai SAU lebih baik dibandingkan Mahesa. Pada kacang jumbo set 2 semua genotipe yang diuji mempunyai ketahanan yang lebih baik terhadap penyakit karat dan bercak daun dibandingkan varietas pembanding Mahesa. Agar dapat berkembang di Indonesia ketahanan genotipe-genotipe tersebut terhadap penyakit layu dan adaptasinya perlu dievaluasi lebih lanjut