The residual effect of groundnut crop and soil amendments on theperformance of gram under rainfed condition at Peshawar valley [Pakistan]

Each subplot was dug upto a depth of 34.5 cm, in case of 3/4th soilamendment with silt. The removed earth equal to 3.75 handcarts was replacedby the same volume of silt. In case of 1/2 and 1/4-soil amendments 2.5 and1.25 hand carts of the clay soil was removed and was replaced by the samevolumes of silt respectively. Silt was thoroughly mixed with bottom and topsoil. It was observed that maximum number of plants emergence/m2 was notedin plots having groundnut residues. Maximum plants emergence/m2 wasobserved in plots amended with 250 kg/ha gypsum and 3/4 silt. Maximum dyesto flowering were recorded in plots having groundnut residues. Plots having500 kg/ha gypsum took maximum days to flowering. Maximum days to floweringwere taken by plots amended with 3/4 silt. Maximum plant height was recordedin plot having to groundnut residues. Plots amended with 250-kg/ha gypsumattained maximum plant height. Maximum plant height was attained by soilamendments of 1/4 silt. Number of nodules were maximum, in plots havinggroundnut residues. Maximum number of nodules were observed in plotshaving 500 kg/ha gypsum. Maximum pod length was noted in 3/4 silt soilamended plots. Maximum days to maturity were taken by plots havinggroundnut residues. Plots amended with 500 kg/ha gypsum took maximum daysto maturity. Maximum days to maturity were taken by plots having 1/2 silt.Number of seeds per pod was same for plots having groundnut residues andthose having no groundnut residues. Same number of pods were observed ineach level of gypsum applied. Maximum number of seeds per pod were noted inplots amended with 1/4 silt and 3/4 silt. Maximum thousand grain weight wasgained by plots hawing no groundnut. All the levels of gypsum and silt gainedsame thousand grain weight. Maximum grain yield was obtained in plots havinggroundnut residues. Plots amended with 500 kg/ha gypsum gave maximumgrain yield. Maximum grain yield was obtained in 3/4 silt soil amended plots.Maximum biomass yield was recorded in plots having groundnut residues. Plotshaving 500 kg/ha gypsum gave maximum biomass yield. Plots amended with 3/4silt gave maximum biomass yield. Results of this study revealed that therewere no much differences in grain yield of gram for different levels ofgypsum and silt. It may be concluded that growing of gram after groundnutcrop is the most easy and economical way to increase yield of gram.