Barley leaf diseases in Kazakhstan
2004
Tohetova, L. | Sariev, B. | Zhundibaev, K. | Ortaev, A. (Kazakh Research Inst. of Agriculture, (Kazakhstan). Krasniy Vodopad Breeding Station)
Spring barley is the second cereal crop after wheat in Kazakhstan, occupying about 4 mln hectares. Leaf diseases are one of the constraints, limiting productivity of the crop in the country. Leaf spot and root rot diseases are the most important in the central and southern zones. In 2000 epiphytotics of stem rust were observed In North Kazakhstan. But in general barley net blotch (Helmintosporium teres) is the most common disease of spring barley. Occurrence of this disease and severity of the pathogen is correlated with weather conditions, type of germplasm, and production practices. In order to identify new sources of resistance, annually 700-900 entries from the ICARDA international barley nurseries have been tested in the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture (Almalybak), South Kazakhstan, more than thousand entries in the Kazak Research Institute of Grain Farming (Shortandy), North Kazakhstan, and 400-500 lines of winter barley in Krasniy Vodopad Breeding Station, South Kazakhstan. During the last three years through testing under natural conditions some spring barley lines have been identified as sources of increased tolerance to barley net blotch: Moroc 9-75//WI2291/CI01387, BI-56, Chi Cm/An 57//Albert/3/Alger/Ceres 362-1-1, WI2198 / Emir / 3 / Arr / Esp // Alger / Ceres, Ste / Lignee 640 // Alpha / Durra, CI01021 / 4 / CM 67 / U. Sask. 1800, and others. Promising lines have been selected in winter barley nurseries: Roho//Alger/Ceres 362/3/Alpha/Durra, K-273/Ste, Lignee131/A.Abiad/3/ChiCm/An57//Albert;ICB- 07766/3/YEA560.2//Luther/Bk259. The identified resistant germplasm has been used for crosses and for testing in yield trials
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