[Chemical composition of the surface runoff from Minsk area]
2005
Ovcharova, E.P.(The National Academy of Sciences, Minsk (Belarus). Institute for Problems of Natural Resources Use and Ecology)
An exploratory study of the surface runoff contamination was undertaken in different functional zones: green, transport and residential (areas with different land use). Two periods of storm runoff forming (winter-spring and summer-fall) were analyzed. The chemical composition of runoff was determined for such water quality constituents as suspended solids, pH, main ions, heavy metals and oil products. The main factor of the surface runoff contamination is the type of functional zone in a snow melting period and duration of rainfalls period - in summer-fall period. The maximum content of pollutants is revealed in water samples of winter-spring period. Surface runoff from transport zone contains high concentrations of suspended solids (140...9 699 mg/L) and has high solute content (1587...24888 mg/L). During this period storm water runoff contains a lot of chlorides (805..14595 mg/L), sodium (610...9600 mg/L) and nitrites (0,04... 1,78 mg/L), as a result of application of deicing agents in winter period (mixture of salt and sand). The solute content of the surface runoff from residential zone reaches 4667,8 mg/L. Oil products are prevailing pollutants of the surface runoff from transport and residential zones (11,7...42,5 mg/L). Concentrations of such heavy metals as zinc and copper reach 0,0950,375 and 0,0080,09 mg/L. Such pollution level and large volume of surface runoff result in water quality deterioration of receiving waters and may cause numerous adverse consequences. The solute content of the surface runoff from transport and residential zones in summer-fall period significantly decreased (97... 105 mg/L) as a result of reduction of chlorides (9,4...11,6 mg/L) and sodium (4,9... 5,4 mg/L) concentration. The concentrations of other ions remain at the same level
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