Broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) and its possible control by genetic and chemical means
2005
Skoric, D. | Jocic, S.(Naucni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia and Montenegro)) E-mail:[email protected]
Broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) has been spreading rapidly in the Province of Vojvodina (Serbia and Montenegro) in the past five to eight years. The dominant race of the pathogen in our country is race E. The Novi Sad hybrids Bacvanin, Prun and Sumadinac have resistance to it. The sudden spread of new broomrape races in Spain, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Russia, Chine and others has forced scientists to better study the broomrape parasitization mechanism and the mechanism of sunflower resistance to this floriferous parasite. Sources of resistance to broomrape can be found in a number of wild sunflower species, with Helianthus tuberosus having the highest frequency of the resistance genes. The presence of broomrape resistance genes in the wild species has enabled breeders to develop hybrids resistent to this pathogen. Use of molecular markers allows rapid development of broomrape-resistant hybrids. New races of the parasite that cannot be controlled by the dominant gene Or5 (race E) have appeared in a number of countries, most notably Turkey and Spain. No resistance sources have been found yet for some of the new races and genetics of the resistance has not beet sufficiently studied to date. All broomrape races can be successfully controlled by chemical means as well, namely by growing IMI-resistant hybrids (RIMI) in synchrony with the application of appropriate imidazolinone-based herbicides.
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